© 2014 wheresjenny.com Scientists SCIENTISTS

© 2014 wheresjenny.com Scientists Vocabulary Compelling : Evoking interest, attention, or admiration in a powerfully irresistible way Voyage : A long journey involving travel by sea or in space Nay : A negative answer Radical : (Especially of change or action) relating to or affecting the fundamental nature of something Astrophysics : The branch of astronomy concerned with the physical nature of stars and other celestial bodies, and the application of the laws and theories of physics to the interpretation of astronomical observations.

© 2014 wheresjenny.com Scientists Albert Einstein was a German-born theoretical physicist. He developed the general theory of relativity, one of the two pillars of modern physics. He is best known in popular culture for his mass–energy equivalence formula E = mc². Albert Einstein was a German-born theoretical physicist. He developed the general theory of relativity, one of the two pillars of modern physics. He is best known in popular culture for his mass–energy equivalence formula E = mc². Born: March 14, 1879, Ulm, Germany Awards: Nobel Prize in Physics, Copley Medal, Max Planck Medal, more Died: April 18, 1955, Princeton, New Jersey, United States Education: University of Zurich (1905), more Nationality: American, Swiss, German Spouse: Elsa Einstein (m. 1919–1936), Mileva Marić (m. 1903–1919)

© 2014 wheresjenny.com Scientists Facts of Albert Einstein  Born in Germany to a Jewish family, Einstein made many contributions to the field of theoretical physics.  Even when very young, Einstein showed great ability in both math’s and science. He was naturally curious and had a brilliant analytical mind.  Einstein worked in a patent office evaluating patents for electromagnetic devices not long after he graduated.  Einstein won the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics for his work on theoretical physics.  Famous Albert Einstein quotes include: "Whether you can observe a thing or not depends on the theory which you use. It is the theory which decides what can be observed.“

© 2014 wheresjenny.com Scientists Galileo Galilei, often known mononymously as Galileo, was an Italian physicist, mathematician, engineer, astronomer, and philosopher who played a major role in the scientific revolution. Born: February 15, 1564, Pisa, Italy Died: January 8, 1642, Arcetri, Italy Education: University of Pisa (1581–1585) Discovered: Callisto, Europa, Ganymede, Io Children: Maria Celeste, Vincenzo Gamba, Livia Galilei

© 2014 wheresjenny.com Scientists Facts of Galileo  Galileo was a ground breaking astronomer, physicist, mathematician, philosopher and inventor. Among his inventions were telescopes, a compass and a thermometer.  With these telescopes, Galileo was able to observe the skies in ways previously not achieved. In 1610 he made observations of 4 objects surrounding Jupiter that behaved unlike stars, these turned out to be Jupiter’s four largest satellite moons: Io, Callisto, Europa and Ganymede. They were later renamed the Galilean satellites in honor of Galileo himself.  Galileo refused to believe Kepler’s theory that the moon caused the tides, instead believing it was due to the nature of the Earth’s rotation (helping prove that even the smartest people can make mistakes).  Famous Galileo quotes include: “In questions of science the authority of a thousand is not worth the humble reasoning of a single individual.”

© 2014 wheresjenny.com Scientists Sir Isaac Newton was an English physicist and Mathematician who is widely recognized as one of the most influential scientists of all time and as a key figure in the scientific revolution Born: January 4, 1643, Woolsthorpe-by-Colsterworth, United Kingdom Died: March 31, 1727, Kensington, London, United Kingdom Full name: Sir Isaac Newton Education: Trinity College, Cambridge (1667–1668), more Parents: Isaac Newton Sr, Hannah Ayscough

© 2014 wheresjenny.com Scientists Facts of Isaac Newton  In 1687, Newton published Philosophae Naturalis Principia Mathematica, what is widely regarded to be one of the important books in the history of science.  Newton’s law of universal gravitation describes the gravitational attraction between bodies with mass, the earth and moon for example.  Newton was known to have said that his work on formulating a theory of gravitation was inspired by watching an apple fall from a tree  Famous Isaac Newton quotes include: "Plato is my friend - Aristotle is my friend - but my greatest friend is truth.“

© 2014 wheresjenny.com Scientists Charles Robert Darwin, FRS was an English naturalist and geologist, best known for his contributions to evolutionary theory. Born: February 12, 1809, The Mount, Shrewsbury, United Kingdom Died: April 19, 1882, Down House, Downe, United Kingdom Awards: Copley Medal, Wollaston Medal, Royal Medal Education: Christ's College, Cambridge (1828–1831), more Children: Anne Darwin, George Darwin, Francis Darwin, more

© 2014 wheresjenny.com Scientists Facts of Charles Darwin  He is most famous for his work on natural selection, the idea that all species of life have evolved over time from common ancestors.  Not only did Darwin develop the idea of natural selection, he also presented compelling evidence from his detailed research which included a five year voyage on the HMS Beagle. On this voyage, Darwin visited ecologically diverse regions such as Brazil, Chile, Australia, the Falkland Islands and the Galapagos Islands.  His 1859 book ‘On the Origin of Species’, detailed much of his research on natural selection, it contained a large amount of evidence to back up his ideas and became a landmark work in the field of evolutionary biology.  Famous Charles Darwin quotes include: “We can allow satellites, planets, suns, universe, nay whole systems of universe, to be governed by laws, but the smallest insect, we wish to be created at once by special act.”

© 2014 wheresjenny.com Scientists Questions 1) Can you name 3 other scientists. 2) How far has science reached in terms of technology and astronomy? 3) What role do scientists have in the new inventions? 4) Are scientists an asset to the country? 5) What is the difference between a scientist and an astronaut?