Section 1 Early Civilizations in India The Impact of Geography Chapter 3 Section 1 Early Civilizations in India The Impact of Geography India is part of Asia-Describe it geographically The text compares India’s diverse geography to something else-What was that comparison? Mountains, Rivers, and Plains Why are the Himalaya important? List the two important river valleys. Describe why they were important. What Plateau is listed in the text? Where do most of the people live in India? Monsoons Describe the differences between summer and winter Monsoons Why are the Monsoons important to food production? Indus Valley Civilization List the two cities that the text list. Describe how the cities were planned. How do we know they had a well organized government?

What were combined in Harappan rule? What is a citadel? Rulers and the Economy What were combined in Harappan rule? What is a citadel? How was the Indus similar to the Nile? What did they trade with Mesopotamia? How did they carry their goods to market? (what body of water) Migration and Interaction List five possible reasons for the decline of civilization in the Indus valley Arrival of the Aryans Briefly explain how the Aryans spread across India and with whom intermixed with to form a new culture. A New Way of Life How did the Aryans increase their crop production? What written language did they use? Their writings reveal what about their political stability? Give examples Their name for a Prince. Daily Life in Ancient India What was the ideal extended family?

Give examples of male dominance in the culture. What is a guru? What was the expectation of children? What was the expectation for women after their husband had died? Social Class in Ancient India What were the four social divisions called, and how were people ranked. List each division, and give an example of each. What system evolved that drew on the Aryan class divisions. Describe it. What is the Indian for caste---why is It hard to escape your caste? What is the lowest level ( outside the caste system) what did they have to do? Religions of India Where did the root of Hinduism come from? What are the Vedas? What is Brahman? What is Atman? What is yoga? What is its purpose? Who are the three chief gods of Hinduism? Principles of Hinduism What is reincarnation?

How does Hinduism preserve its class system? How is it justified? What is Karma? What is the dharma? How does Hinduism preserve its class system? How is it justified? Buddhism Who is the founder of Buddhism? What class was the Enlightened One from? What did he see that changed his life? Who are ascetics? What did Siddhartha do to find Enlightenment? Do Buddha seek to form a new religion? What was he probably trying to do? Principles of Buddhism What are the Four Noble Truths? What is the Eightfold Path? (Middle Path) What causes human suffering? What is Bodhi? It is also the root of Siddhartha usual name? What is Nirvana? (not the band)

How is Buddhism’s view of reincarnation different from Hinduism? Buddhism rejected what and forbade what? Section 2 New Empires in India Three New Empires What two invaders led to the first Indian Empire? The Mauryan Empire List the two Mauryan rulers from the text. Describe how the government was organized. What religion did Asoka practice? Give examples of how he helped his people. What happened to the Empire? The Kushan Empire What is Bactria known as today? Trade between the Roman Empire and China flowed through Bactria via? The Kushan Empire practiced which religions? What alphabet did they adapt? The Empire of the Guptas

How did the Gupta profit from Religion? Why is the Gupta Empire also considered the Golden Age of Indian Culture? Why is it a model? How did the Gupta profit from Religion? What happened to the Empire? What nomadic tribes invaded? Indian Accomplishments Literature What were the Vedas? ( You answered this earlier) What is the Mahabharata? What is a stanza? What is the most famous section of the Mahabharata? What was it about? What was its key point? What is the Ramayana about? Who is the main character? His wife? It is imbued with? Who is the most famous author of India? His poem? Architecture What are the three types of structures? What were the functions of each? Science and Mathematics What did Aryabhata use? List achievements in astronomy. List the numerical system

Early Chinese Civilizations The Impact of Geography Section 3 Early Chinese Civilizations The Impact of Geography How diverse is China? Rivers and Mountains List the two major rivers from the text. Provide both names each river is referred. How did geography isolate China? List specific peoples they came into conflict. Climate List all the climate regions in China. The Shang Dynasty What is an aristocracy? What city became the capital? Describe it. Political and Social Structure Briefly explain the relationship between Kings and warlords. Describe the burial rituals for the King. Describe how Society was structured.

How did the priests communicate with the gods? Religion and Culture How did the priests communicate with the gods? What does “veneration of ancestors” mean? What practice continues day in China? (to accompany the dead) What art form was found in Shang tombs? The Zhou Dynasty Political Structure How was the Zhou similar to the Shang in terms of governance? What was the Zhou’s claim to rule? Explain it. How was this mandate “double edged” what were the responsibilities of the King? What is the “Way” called? Explain how the people had “rights” to do what to a ineffective ruler? What did it say about the king being divine? Explain the Dynastic cycle The Fall of the Zhou Dynasty Why did the Dynasty eventually fail? Describe the changes in warfare

Land ownership was similar to whom? Social Structure Land ownership was similar to whom? How were the Merchants and Artisans treated? What was the basic economic and social unit in China? What crop strengthened the need for an efficient working family? Explain filial piety-how did it work? What were the male roles in Zhou society? Women? Did women sometimes take on men’s roles? What was the result. Zhou Accomplishments List two advancements in farming, and the result of increased food production What item was most important in trade with other civilizations? Explain Pictographs and Ideographs. Chinese Philosophy What was the major concern for Chinese philosophers? Confucianism Confucius’ writings were collected in?

Where did his interests in philosophy lie? What is the Confucian view of the Dao (Way)? What are the Five Constant Relationships? What did Confucius teach about humans? What is the second view of the Dao? ((Humanity) What was Confucius’ most significant political idea? Explain it. What class would not have a popular view of this concept? Daoism Whose teachings was this philosophy based upon? What was the name of the work in which he outlined his ideas? What is the focus of Daoism (like Confucianism) How does Daoism differ from Confucianism? Legalism What did a ruler need to make common people serve him?

Rise and Fall of Chinese Empires The Qin Dynasty Section 4 Rise and Fall of Chinese Empires The Qin Dynasty How did a Chinese historian describe Qin Shihuangdi? List the achievements of the Qin Dynasty The Emperor’s Army Describe it. How did the artisans achieve individuality in the figures? The Great Wall What is the Gobi? Who were the Xiongnu? What did Qin Shihuangdi call his wall? What did it mean? Did they build the wall we see today? Explain. Political Changes What is a regime? What is ideology? What were the three parts of the centralized bureaucracy?

How did civil servants get their jobs? What did the Qin dynasty do with the aristocrats’ land? Fall of the Qin Dynasty List the disgruntled factions of the Qin Dynasty. What does instituted mean? The Han Dynasty Who was the founder of the Han? What was his title and what did it mean? Political and Social Structures What philosophy was replaced? What now was the new philosophy? What practice did they retain concerning civil service? How did the Han improve civil service? List what emperors that expanded the empire and describe how large the empire became. What happened to the free peasants? Describe what happened to the land? Who got it back? Technology and Culture

Iron casting technology led to the development of what? How did the Chinese improve transportation on the seas? What was the purpose of the Confucian classics? Fall of the Han Empire List some of the events that were weakening the Empire