RIS3 στην Περιφέρεια Αττική Κατευθύνσεις στρατηγικής έρευνας και καινοτομίας για έξυπνη εξειδίκευση Ομάδα Εμπειρογνωμόνων Ευρωπαϊκής Επιτροπής, Γ.Δ. Περιφερειακής και Αστικής Πολιτικής Συνάντηση Εργασίας RIS3, 29 Απριλίου 2013

Smart specialisation – a plan or a process ?

New wine in old bottles ? Smart specialisation is not: about funding R&D in a laboratory; about selecting one or two sectors/clusters new – it is based on 15 years of experience in supporting regional innovation strategies Smart specialisation is: about fostering regional economic transformation through an ‘entrepreneurial discovery process’ an ex-ante conditionality for future ERDF funding for R&D and innovation and digital convergence. your strategy and a great opportunity to shape how Structural Funds will be spent in your region ! DG REGIO - RIS for Smart Specialisation in Greece

Five key principles A RIS3 should be: Place-based, Fosters an ‘entrepreneurial process of discovery’, Achieves critical mass, is outward- looking and future- oriented. DG REGIO - RIS for Smart Specialisation in Greece

Six steps to a RIS3 The RIS3 Guide requires each RIS3 partnership to: Analyse the regional context and potential for innovation Set up a governance structure ensuring participation and ownership Elaborate an overall vision for the future of the region Identify priorities Define a coherent policy mix and action plan Set up a monitoring and evaluation mechanism DG REGIO - RIS for Smart Specialisation in Greece

Five routes to differentiate your RIS3 rejuvenating traditional sectors through shifting into higher value-added activities and new market niches; modernising by adopting and disseminating new technologies; diversifying technologically from existing specialisations into related fields; developing new economic activities through radical technological change and breakthrough innovations; and exploiting new forms of innovation such as open and user-led innovation, social innovation and service innovation. DG REGIO - RIS for Smart Specialisation in Greece

Four broad types of regions in Greece: Regions with advanced research and technology capabilities (Attica, Central Macedonia, Crete); Regions with strong manufacturing potential and mid- level innovation capacity (Central Greece, Western Macedonia, East Macedonia and Thrace) Regions relying on traditional production sectors with innovation potential in local products (Epirus, Thessaly, Peloponnese). Regions with strong potential in tourism (South Aegean, North Aegean, Ionian Islands) and extremely low technological (R&D based) innovation potential. The challenge for each region is to identify specific diversification opportunities building on regional critical mass and driven by market or societal trends DG REGIO - RIS for Smart Specialisation in Greece

Attica – potential for specialisation ?

RRSII – 2006 EU: 0,90 – 0,01 Composite innovation index Human resources in science and technology Lifelong learning High tech manufacturin g High tech services Public R&D Private R&DPatents ATTICA0, CENTRAL MACEDONIA0, CRETE0, WESTERN GREECE0, EPIRUS0, CENTRAL GREECE0, EAST MAKED – THRACE0, THESSALY0, PELOPONESSE0, / 5 ?3 WESTERN MACEDONIA0, NORTH AEGEAN0, SOUTH AEGEAN0, ΙΟΝΙΑN ISLANDS EU mean0,55100 Challenges: private sector & intra-regional innovation gap

Underperforming against other EU27 ‘city-regions’ Even allowing for ‘hidden innovation’ in service or non-technological innovation This has a strong influence on the potential to grow a more diversified and sustainable economy supporting employment and higher income levels. DG REGIO - RIS for Smart Specialisation in Greece Attica: the dominant Greek region but

 The current research and innovation policy reproduces the regional innovation gap  No Cohesion ‘effect’ in the current use of Structural Funds for R&D and innovation Innovation policy reg. 6 reg.

DG REGIO - RIS for Smart Specialisation in Greece The RIS3 should tackle regional challenges

Recommendations  Focus on sectors with an integrating role for the regional economy:  Logistics and transport systems (maritime and urban),  Knowledge intensive business services;  (green) ICT to encourage efficiency improvements in the private and public sectors.  Eco-innovation could boost business potential (e.g. eco-construction) and help ‘green’ the urban environment.  Exploit full potential of clusters in the metropolitan area, including linkages between ‘hi-tech clusters’ and ‘organic’ clusters: pharmaceuticals, ICT, chemical products, entertainment, processed food, tourism & hospitality, etc. DG REGIO - RIS for Smart Specialisation in Greece Specialisation & clusters Attica is weakly specialised & notably, lacks high-tech manufacturing and knowledge intensive services. The main specialisation is in pharmaceuticals, financial services, transportation & logistics. Future specialisation potential ICT and creative industries sectors: linking ‘media’ to the strong education base and (latent) design capacity. Growing the knowledge intensive business services sector: architectural and engineering activities, technical consultancy and financial services. Cluster potential A number of ‘hi-tech’ clusters are developing: microelectronics, space technologies and applications, innovative gaming technologies, Life Sciences Cluster (HBio).

DG REGIO - RIS for Smart Specialisation in Greece Encourage private businesses to invest in innovation that support long- term structural change in urban area and economy Via a ‘challenge fund’ or ‘innovation prize’ Invite bids for ‘large-scale demonstrators’ at city level by public-private partnerships Potential topics: energy systems, health urban mobility, green business models, etc. Pros: Strong potential & need in renewable and low carbon economy; Positioning Athens as ‘regional-leader’ in green economy – image changing ! Linking ERDF innovation & technology funding to other thematic priorities etc. Cons:  Requires cross-department/agency co-operation  May requires regulatory, etc. adaptations, etc. (national level) Ways forward ? Challenge driven innovation policy

DG REGIO - RIS for Smart Specialisation in Greece Turn the ‘weight’ of the public sector into a driver: Attica as an ‘innovation lab’ Public sector innovation: new (cost-)effective service and methods, etc. Public-private co-innovation in fields such as transport, health, etc. Knowledge intensive public sector services (KIPS) include Education (NACE 85) Health (NACE 86) Public labs & R&D services (NACE 72) Social services (NACE 87 & 88) Technical & Environmental services (various) Ways forward ? Public-private partnerships

RIS3 governance

Leadership is "organizing a group of people to achieve a common goal". In RIS3, leadership has to achieve a truly place-based entrepreneurial process of discovery, experimentation and discovery of niches for specialization / differentiation. Leadership of RIS3 can be political, led by elected governments, managerial, led by entrepreneurs and private sector representatives, and intellectual, led by people in the academia and research. DG REGIO - RIS for Smart Specialisation in Greece Leadership: Regional and consensus driven Since smart specialization, differentiation, and productive modernization are main objectives, leadership and priority setting should be driven by entrepreneurs and private sector participants. This is particularly needed in Greece where private sector investment in research and innovation is top challenge to address. “No matter who is involved, the RIS3 process needs to be interactive, regionally-driven and consensus based”

Most Greek regions have previous experience in designing bottom-up innovation policy, gained from RIS, RIS plus, and Regional Programs of Innovative actions elaborated during , funded from RG Regio, and from Regional Innovation Poles Since 2006, R&I policy was centralised under a ‘shadow’ programme of research and technological innovation based on aggregation of funds from the 13 regional OPs. Continuity with RIS and post RIS was lost. Innovation governance in Greece REGIONAL INNOVATION POLES - STRUCTURE Implementation Consortia

Regional authorities, having now the legal responsibility for OP , should establish a new framework for bottom-up strategic planning with the direct involvement of regional stakeholders. Recommended decision making structure: Three tiers (a)the regional council composed by the Governor and elected council as top decision making body; (b)a Steering Committee composed of regional stakeholders from the business and academic communities and the public administration, and (c)(c) thematic working groups focusing on main sectors of smart specialisation under the IMA Rules of participation, roles and responsibilities should be clearly defined. Bottom-up planning along the entire planning process, from regional needs analysis, SWOT, priorities setting, design of actions, monitoring Legitimate the focus on and selection of large-scale projects RIS3 governance: Three tiers

Companies selection Higher turnover Higher turnover growth Higher exports Most active in EU research Successful start-ups DG REGIO - RIS for Smart Specialisation in Greece Members for RIS3: Selection criteria R&D labs selection Industry focused Contracts with companies Most contracts from EU research Managing open infrastructures and test-beds Users and NGOs Open clubs / open coffee Producer networks Non-profit associations Product platforms holders Open source initiatives Public administration Regional development agencies Geographical units representation Having managerial competence

How to coordinate national and regional decisions making. Which division of roles and responsibilities? How to make a quick mapping of the regional knowledge ecosystem? How to set-up the overall structure of RIS3 governance? How to select members for different RIS3 tiers? How to achieve private sector leadership? How to achieve continuity with previous bottom-up innovation initiatives? How to adapt the development reports of the 1st Directive to RIS3 rational and specifications? Wrap-up: Questions to address DG REGIO - RIS for Smart Specialisation in Greece

Ευχαριστούμε για το ενδιαφέρον σας Alasdair Reid Director, Technopolis Group group.com

Region: Attica INNOVATION POLICY Axis of O.P.Euro% 1.Accessibility ,78 2.Digital convergence / Entrepreneurship ,33 3.Sustainable develop. / Quality of life ,12 4.Technical assistance ,47 IMPLEMENTATION Euro% Support to companies ,8 Support to research org ,2 % of Axis 2 of OP ,45 Sectoral / technological priorities ‘Recovery’ step: focus on the five largest sectors (tourism, retail, energy, construction and agriculture); while the food and beverage industry is seen as a critical sector with strong inter-sectoral linkages and export potential. ‘Renewal-change’ step: build on and attract investments in "emerging" markets, e.g. in marine tourism; generic pharmaceutical products, fish farming, medical tourism, spa tourism, care for the elderly and the chronically ill, the creation of regional transit nodes, management of solid and liquid waste, focusing on specific food categories, creating international "hubs" for classical studies ‘Growth orientation’ phase: targeted investment to reduce the carbon footprint, enhance agricultural residues to produce energy or feed, environmental management processing infrastructure, introduce innovations in the production process, development of robotic systems and stimulate patenting, etc. INNOVATION POLICY Strategies RIS, RITTS, RIS+ 0 Regional Innovative Actions 1 Regional Innovation Poles 0 Related: TP Lavrio, TP Demcr., Incubators GERD58.2 % BUSI NESS 76.1 % RESE ARC 62.3 % HEI43.6 %