Objectives 18.3 Building the Tree of Life -Name the six kingdoms of life as they are currently identified. -Explain what the tree of life represents.

Six Kingdoms 2. Animalia 3. Protista 4. Fungi 5. Eubacteria Currently there are 6 Kingdoms: 1. Plantae 2. Animalia 3. Protista 4. Fungi 5. Eubacteria 6. Archaebacteria

Three Domains A domain is a larger category than a kingdom. 1. Bacteria (corresponding to domain Eubacteria) 2. Archaea (corresponding to kingdom Archaebacteria) 3. Eukarya (corresponding to kingdoms Fungi, Plantae, Animalia and Protista).

The Tree of All Life

Kingdom Eubacteria Their cells have thick, rigid walls that surround a cell membrane and contain a substance known as peptidoglycan.

Kingdom Archaebacteria Members are unicellular and prokaryotic, and live in extreme environments—including volcanic hot springs, high salinity lakes and in places totally devoid of oxygen. Their cell walls lack peptidoglycan, and their cell membranes contain unusual lipids that are not found in any other organism.

Kingdom Protista The kingdom Protista has long been viewed by biologists as a “catchall” group of eukaryotes that could not be classified as fungi, plants, or animals.

Kingdom Fungi Members of the kingdom Fungi are heterotrophs with cell walls containing chitin. Most fungi feed on dead or decaying organic matter.

Kingdom Plantae Members of the kingdom Plantae are multicellular, have cell walls that contain cellulose and are autotrophic. Autotrophic plants are able to carry on photosynthesis.

Kingdom Animalia Animal cells do not have cell walls. Members of the kingdom Animalia are multicellular and heterotrophic. Animal cells do not have cell walls.