Marine Reptiles Sea turtles, sea snakes, marine lizards and salt-water crocodiles.Sea turtles, sea snakes, marine lizards and salt-water crocodiles. Tetrapods with scaly skin, oviparous & respire with lungs.Tetrapods with scaly skin, oviparous & respire with lungs. Usually restricted to warm water.Usually restricted to warm water. Must osmoregulate (get rid of excess salt in their bodies).Must osmoregulate (get rid of excess salt in their bodies).

Sea Turtles Family Chelonidae 8 species of sea turtles8 species of sea turtles All are threatened or endangeredAll are threatened or endangered Shells are flattened to decrease water resistanceShells are flattened to decrease water resistance Fat and light bones increase buoyancyFat and light bones increase buoyancy Excrete excess salt through their eyesExcrete excess salt through their eyes

CarnivoresLeatherback **Largest sea turtle** Kemp’s Ridley **Most endangered** Hawksbill **Jewelry and food**

Herbivores Green Turtle **Used for food**

Sea Turtle Migration Return to same beach they hatched from to lay eggs.Return to same beach they hatched from to lay eggs. Bury eggs to protect them for predators and keep the eggs moist and warmBury eggs to protect them for predators and keep the eggs moist and warm

Natural Threats to Survival Predators including raccoons, crabs, ants, birds and sharksPredators including raccoons, crabs, ants, birds and sharks

Human Threats to Survival: 1. Commercial fishing with no TED’S

TED: Turtle Excluder Device  Allows shrimp to pass to the back of the net while the turtle escapes to safety before becoming trapped.  Federal law requires TED’s installed on all US fishing trawlers in areas populated by sea turtles  Federal law requires TED’s installed on all US fishing trawlers in areas populated by sea turtles.

2. Ingestion of Plastics and Debris

3. Artificial Lighting of Beach

4. Coastal Armoring ormation.php?page=seawallshttp:// ormation.php?page=seawalls

5. Beach Nourishment

6. Fibropappilomas

7. for meat, jewelry, leather and cosmetics

Protection Endangered Species Act (Hawksbill, Leatherback, Kemp’s Ridley, and Green).Endangered Species Act (Hawksbill, Leatherback, Kemp’s Ridley, and Green). Illegal to harm, harass or kill.Illegal to harm, harass or kill. Illegal to import, sell, or transport turtles or their products.Illegal to import, sell, or transport turtles or their products. Enforcement of Turtle Excluder Device (TED) regulations.Enforcement of Turtle Excluder Device (TED) regulations.

Family Hydrophiidae Sea Snakes 50+ species50+ species 5-9 feet long5-9 feet long Eliminate excess salt from gland in mouth, salt is expelled as snake protrudes tongueEliminate excess salt from gland in mouth, salt is expelled as snake protrudes tongue Sea Krait Yellow-bellied

Yellow-bellied sea snake Most common sea snakeMost common sea snake

Beaked Sea Snake Most venomous sea snakeMost venomous sea snake Can kill 53 people with one dose of venomCan kill 53 people with one dose of venom

Marine Lizards Galapagos marine iguanaGalapagos marine iguana All are herbivores; eat UlvaAll are herbivores; eat Ulva Tails are adapted (flattened for swimming)Tails are adapted (flattened for swimming)

Marine Lizards Salt glands excrete excess salt from consumed seaweeds; sneezed out through their noseSalt glands excrete excess salt from consumed seaweeds; sneezed out through their nose

Marine Crocodiles EndangeredEndangered Inhabit extreme South Florida and KeysInhabit extreme South Florida and Keys Long narrow snout with 4 th tooth exposedLong narrow snout with 4 th tooth exposed

Class Aves Tetrapods with feathersTetrapods with feathers and wings Respire with lungsRespire with lungs OviparousOviparous

Seagull Common predators & scavengersCommon predators & scavengers

Pelican Catch fish with pouch under beakCatch fish with pouch under beak

Penguin Flightless bird

Cormorant Diving bird

Frigate Largest wingspan (8 ft.) to bodyweight (3 lbs)

Arctic Tern Spend majority of life in flight Travel over 20,000 miles every year