The Civil War Chapter 11
North v. South Advantages Population North 21.5 mill. v. South 9 mill. Railroads 21,700 miles v. 9,000 miles Factories Over 100,000 in North v. 20,000 in South Leadership Leadership 7 of 8 military colleges in south. Lee offered position by Lincoln. Jackson second in command-VMI. Strategy Defense rather than offense Dedication Dedication Fight for their way of life
North v. South AdvantagesAdvantages North v. South AdvantagesAdvantages Balanced Economy Farming and manufacturing Existing Govt. and Army Factories Over 100,000 in North v. 20,000 in South
North v. South Strategies Blockade Cut off import and exports Anaconda Plan Named for General Winfield. Cut off trade on Mississippi River and Coasts. Seize Southern Capital War of Attrition Hold ground and inflict losses on invaders until they quit. Cotton Production Sold 75% of world’s cotton. Stopped hoping Europe would apply political pressure. Europe turned to Egypt for cotton and blockades then forced no income to flow from Southern states
Major Battles and Events The firing on Fort Sumter, South Carolina, began the war.
Major Battles and Events The first Battle of Manassas (Bull Run) was the first MAJOR battle; the Confederate forces won. Bull Run battle field
Major Battles Battle of Antietam First attack of North by Lee. 40K v. 75K plus 25K in reserves 14K in Southern casualties, 12K in Northern Casualties Battle of Chancellorsville 26K men outflanked Union army commanded by Hooker. Loss of General Stonewall Jackson.General Stonewall Jackson
Major Battles and Events The signing of the Emancipation Proclamation made “freeing the slaves” the new focus of the war. Many freed slaves joined the Union army.
Major Battles Battle of Gettysburg South coming off triumphs at Fredricksburg and Chacellorsville. 3 day battle ending with Picketts Charge
Major Battles and Events Lee’s surrender to Grant at the Appomattox Court House in April, 1865 ended the war. Lee’s surrender
Move to your Satellite Groups Blue- Discuss one advantage the North and one advantage the South had at the beginning of the Civil War. Red-Discuss one strategy that the North and the South used during the Civil War. White- What impact did the Civil War have on your life today? Answer each in 3-5 complete sentences explaining your groups decisions.
Influence of Location and Topography on Critical Developments in the War The destruction in Richmond. Harbor artillery in Charleston. Sherman’s troops destroying rail lines in Atlanta.