 the idea that Americans were predestined to occupy the entire North American continent.

 Washington ◦ 1 st President ◦ Took office ◦ 8 years in office ◦ Major Legislation  Bill of Rights  Adams ◦ 2 nd President ◦ Took office ◦ 4 years in office ◦ Major Legislation  Alien and Sedition Acts

 not helping or supporting either side in a conflict, disagreement, etc.; impartial.

 conduct or speech inciting people to rebel against the authority of a state, open violence against the laws  Example: ◦ A series of laws known collectively as the ALIEN AND SEDITION ACTS were passed by the Federalist Congress in 1798 and signed into law by President Adams. These laws included new powers to DEPORT foreigners as well as making it harder for new IMMIGRANTS to vote.

 make legally null and void; invalidate.

 In 1803 President Thomas Jefferson orchestrated the purchase of the Louisiana territory from France. After the purchase was made, Jefferson initiated an exploration of the newly purchased land.

 Meriwether Lewis and William Clark chosen to lead the expedition.  Their objectives were to study the area's plants, animal life, and geography, and to discover what natural resources were available

 The US took on Great Britain in this war. Causes of the war included British attempts to restrict U.S. trade, the Royal Navy's impressments of American seamen, and America's desire to expand its territory. The Treaty of Ghent ended the war on February 17, 1815, with a stalemate.

 An official ban on trade or other commercial activity with a particular country.

 The British Navy kidnapped American sailors and forced them to serve in the British Navy

 Young Southerners and Westerners elected to the U.S. Congress in 1810, whose territorial ambitions in the Northwest and Florida inspired them to agitate for war with Great Britain.

 A law passed in 1809 by the United States Congress to ban all commerce between Americans and the European nations of France and Great Britain.

 An act or means of sealing off a place to prevent goods or people from entering or leaving.

 Indian removal was a 19th century policy of the government of the US to relocate Native American tribes living east of the Mississippi River to lands west of the river.

 Cultural assimilation is one type of assimilation, resulting in the loss of a group's native language and culture under pressure to adopt those of a dominant cultural group.

 The Indian Removal Act, was signed into law by President Andrew Jackson on May 26, 1830  Provided for the resettlement of more than 100,000 Native Americans to what is now Oklahoma.

 a tract of public land set apart for a special purpose, as for the use of an Indian tribe.

 The route along which the US government forced several tribes of Native Americans, to migrate to reservations west of the Mississippi River. Those on the march suffered disease and mistreatment.

 The Mexican American War was a war between the US and Mexico from April 1846 to Feb  The war stemmed from the United States’ annexation of Texas from Mexico in  The US won the war and acquired more than 500,000 square miles of Mexican territory extending westward from the Rio Grande to the Pacific Ocean.

 to incorporate (a country or other territory) within the domain of a state.  The United States annexed Texas in 1845.

 give up (power or territory) ◦ Modern day southwestern United States that Mexico ceded to the U.S. in 1848

 The California Gold Rush (1848–1855) began on January 24, 1848, when gold was found by James W. Marshall at Sutter's Mill in Coloma, California. The news of gold brought some 300,000 people to California from the rest of the US and abroad.

 The gold-seekers, called "forty-niners" (as a reference to 1849), traveled by sailing ship and covered wagon and often faced substantial hardships.  While most of the newly arrived were Americans, the Gold Rush attracted tens of thousands from Latin America, Europe, Australia, and Asia.

 2,200-mile (3,500 km) historic east-west wagon route and emigrant trail that connected the Missouri River to valleys in Oregon.  From the early to mid-1830s, the Oregon Trail and its many offshoots were used by about 400,000 settlers, ranchers, farmers, miners, and businessmen and their families.