Leadership Emotional Intelligence in Medical Education

Introduction Emotional Intelligence (EQ) Became focused with Goleman’s work in 1995 Combination of self-awareness, self- management, understanding of others and managing others. Incorporation of EQ into interactions can help build stronger doctor-patient relationships EQ has the potential to increase the understanding about interpersonal skills that rest on the ability to perceive, use, understand and manage emotions in oneself and others. (Grewel 2008)

Goals Improve understanding of self- awareness and self-management Define social awareness as it pertains to EQ Discuss strategies to improve team relationship and team management Demonstrate ways to integrate EQ into action within the leadership role in graduate medical education

Self-awareness Depends on accurate self-assessment Recognize personal strengths and weaknesses Develop plan for improvement Activities Review Stephen Covey’s 7 Habits Complete a self-evaluation with attention to: Recognition and management of emotions Recognition of other’s emotions Self-motivation Share with group an example of how your emotions have cause you a problem at work

Self-Management Describes emotional self-control How you function when Stressed/Angry Given negative feedback Happy/inspired Activities Discuss characteristics of a leader Trustworthiness Adaptability Conscientiousness Continual strive for improvement Complete self-evaluation with attention to: Temperament in stressful situations Reaction to unethical behavior Adaptability to new challenges Share with group how you controlled your emotions in a stressful situation at work

Social Awareness Depends on understanding the emotions of others Empathy Awareness of the team Orientation to service Activities Small group incorporating Discussion of diversity and differing opinions View photographs of various interactions and discuss What is happening? Who is in control of the situation? Who shows self-control? Share with the group a personal experience where you were aware of the social dynamic. How did you handle it?

Relationship Management Includes these characteristics Development of others’ potential Being a catalyst for change Communication with clear thoughts and directions Build bonds and networking with members of the team Management of conflict as it occurs in the team Activities to be done in small groups Demonstrate how to provide feedback both good and bad Discuss the ways to be a “catalyst for change” Communicate the leader’s vision for the team Design an approach to get “buy in” from the team Outline a plan for conflict management

Integration of EQ into Leadership in Graduate Medical Education Examine opportunities and ways to incorporate EQ Integration into the core competencies Modeling Role playing Stepping back to regroup Use at the bedside when teaching Utilization of 360 evaluations to link EQ scores with performance

Summary EQ demonstrates insight into one’s emotions and the role they play in self development EQ can be strengthened in both the self and group areas through practice EQ can be utilized when interviewing candidates for graduate positions EQ can be utilized on 360 evaluations to gain insight into interpersonal skills

References Borges, N. Emotional Intelligence and Medical Specialty Choice: findings from three empirical studies”. Medical Education. 2009;43(6), Bielaszka-DuVernay, C. Hiring for Emotional Intelligence. Best Practices Harvard Business Review. 19 Nov Accessed April 15, Cooperman, K. Emotional intelligence and the healthcare staff: Maximizing performance and patient satisfaction. SRM. Vol. 8, No. 1, February Covey, S. The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People. Free Press, New York Gibbs, Nancy. The EQ Factor. Time 146, No.14: Oct Grewel, D. Emotional Intelligence and Graduate Medical Education. JAMA. 2008;300(10): Lynn, A.B. The EQ Interview. American Management Association. New York Martin, BL. Emotional Intelligence (EQ) and Medical Education Practical Application. Lecture at The Ohio State University College of Medicine, 2008.