Greek Mythology
What is a myth? A story which explains the history, rituals, or beliefs of a society A story by which ancient people attempted to account for things which they experienced A myth is entirely imaginative
Apollo pulling the sun
What is the difference between a Myth and a Legend? Both deal with the same supernatural figures, but a myth is purely imaginative while a legend is based on historical truth
Creation Myth I. Chaos: unending nothingness A.Gaia: the earth B.Eros: love C.Gaia gave birth to Uranus: the sky
Gaia (mother earth)
Eros
Uranus
D. Gaia + Uranus 1.Hecatoncheires 2.Cyclops 3.Titans: E. Uranus hated his children – banished them to the center of the earth (Tartarus) F. Gaia encouraged the Titans to rebel – sickle – Cronus agreed to help get rid of his father
Atlas
II. Cronus A.Youngest titan – made his siblings pledge he could rule B.Ambushed Uranus and slashed him with sickle (Furies, Aphrodite) C.Released the titans - became ruler D.Marries Rhea (his sister) E.Swallowed his children
Cronus
Aphrodite
III. Zeus A. Sixth child of Rhea and Cronus B. Rhea tricked Cronus – he swallowed a rock C.Became Cronus’ cup bearer D.Declared war on Titans E.Zeus released the cyclops and hundred- handed giants
Rhea gives Cronus a rock
Zeus with lightning bolt
F. Thunderbolt G. Titans flee to H.Atlas I.Typhon K.Pan M. Prometheus (forethought) and Epimetheus (afterthought)
Typhon
IV. Prometheus and Epimetheus A.Mortal creatures B.Man C.Stolen fire D.Pro’s punishment E. Which child will overthrow Zeus?
Prometheus’ punishment
V. Pandora’s Box A. Evils of the world B.Zeus created Pandora C.Pandora was curious D.Hope
Pandora opening the box
Release of evil into the world
VI. Division of the universe Zeus: lord of the sky; ruled from Mt. Olympus Hades: king of Tartarus (the underworld) Poseidon: ruler of the sea
Poseidon
Hades
VII. The Olympian Family A.Hera: queen of the gods; married to Zeus 1. beautiful 2. tree of golden apples 3. unfaithful husband 4. protector of honourable marriage
Hera
B. Athena 1.Daughter of Zeus and Metis 2.Goddess of war, wisdom, and justice 3.Invented the plough, the ship, the pot and the yoke 4.Very masculine appearance 5.Athens is named after her
Athena
Athena gives the olive tree
Parthenon
Hephaestus Ugliest of the gods God of the forge – beautiful metalwork Married to Aphrodite
Apollo & Artemis Zeus and Leto Twins Apollo: god of the sun Cruel to women who rejected him Artemis: goddess of the hunt, moon Insisted on chastity from her huntresses
Ares God of war Blood-thirsty Loved by Aphrodite
Hestia Vow of chastity Goddess of the hearth (protector of the home)
Hermes Patron god of thieves, merchants and traders, and messenger to the gods Winged sandals & helmet
Demeter & Persephone Demeter: goddess of fields and crops Persephone: queen of the underworld
Dionysus Zeus and Semele Name means twice-born God of wine