ETHICAL HACKING ETHICAL HACKING A LICENCE TO HACK Submitted By: Usha Kalkal M.Tech(1 st Sem) Information technology

 Companies are worried about the possibility of being “hacked” and potential customers are worried about maintaining control of personal information.  Ethical Hacking is not an automated hacker program rather it is an audit that both identifies the vulnerabilities of a system and provide advice on how to eliminate them.  To catch a thief,think like a thief.

 A Person who enjoys learning the details of computer systems and how to stretch their capabilities.  One who program enthusiastically.  Enjoys programming rather than just theorizing about it.

 Old School Hackers: 1960s style Stanford or MIT hackers. Do not have malicious intent, but do have lack of concern for privacy and proprietary information. They believe the Internet was designed to be an open system.  Script Kiddies or Cyber-criminals: Between 12-30; bored in school; get caught due to bragging online; intent is to vandalize or disrupt systems.  Professional Criminals or Crackers: Make a living by breaking into systems and selling the information.  Coders and Virus Writers: See themselves as an elite; programming background and write code but won’t use it themselves; have their own networks called “zoos”; leave it to others to release their code into “The Wild” or Internet.

Source: CERT-India January June 01, 2004 to Dec.31, 2004 DomainsNo of Defacements.com922.gov.in24.org53.net39.biz12.co.in48.ac.in13.info3.nic.in2.edu2 other13 Total1131 Defacement Statistics for Indian Websites

Source: CERT/CC Total Number of Incidents INCREMENT IN ATTACKS WITH TIME

 Ethical hacking is a scheme of having independent computer security professionals who attempt to break into the system to find vulnerabilities in the system.  Dynamic process.  Also known as penetration testing.  Neither damage the target systems nor steal information.  Evaluate target systems security and report back to owners about the vulnerabilities found.

8  Hackers ◦ Access computer system or network without authorization ◦ Breaks the law; can go to prison  Crackers ◦ Break into systems to steal or destroy data ◦ U.S. Department of Justice calls both hackers  Ethical hacker ◦ Performs most of the same activities but with owner’s permission

Someone who is  Skilled  Programming and networking skills  Installation and maintenance skills  System management skills  Knowledgeable  Hardware and software  Trustworthy  Patient and Persistent  Certified

10  When doing a penetration test, have a written contract giving you permission to attack the network  Using a contract is just good business  Contracts may be useful in court  Have an attorney read over your contract before sending or signing it

Black Hat Hacker: Use knowledge for personal gain. White Hat Hacker: Use skills for defensive purposes. Grey Hat Hacker: Work both offensively & defensively.

Five steps of hacking: 1. Footprinting 2. Scanning and enumeration 3. Gaining access 4. Maintaining access 5. Clearing tracks

Objective Target Address range, namespace, acquisition and information gathering are essential to a surgical attack. Techniques & Tools 1. Open source search 2. Samspade 3. tracker & visual route

Objective Make blue print of target network. Techniques & Tools 1. War dialing 2. Pinger 3. Port Scanning 4. Nmap(Network Mapper) 5. Enumeration

Objective Enough data has been gathered at this point to make an informed attempt to access the target. Techniques & Tools 1. Password eavesdropping 2. LoftCrack 3. Priviledge Escalation 4. Metaspoilt 5. Man in Middle Attack

Objective Now hacker is inside the system. Next aim is to make an easier path to get in when he comes next time. Techniques & Tools 1. Key Stroke Logger 2. Create rogue user accounts 3. Infect startup files 4. Install monitoring mechanisms 5. Wrappers 6. Replace applications with trojans 7. Elitewrap

Objective Once total ownership of the target is secured, hiding the fact that hacker is here from system administrators becomes paramount. Techniques & Tools 1. Auditpol.exe 2. Eslave 3. Evidence Eliminator 4. Winzapper

Viruses, Trojan Horses, and Worms Social Engineering Automated Attacks Accidental Breaches in Security Denial of Service (DoS) Organizational Attacks Restricted Data Different kinds of system attacks

 Helps in closing the open holes in the system network  Provides security to banking and financial establishments  Prevents website defacements  An evolving technique

 All depends upon the trustworthiness of the ethical hacker.  Hiring professionals is expensive.

Main aim of seminar is to make you understand that there are so many tools through which a hacker can get in to a system. Various needs from various perspectives:  Student: A student should understand that no software is made with zero Vulnerabilities.  Professionals: Professionals should understand that business is directly related to Security. So they should make new software with vulnerabilities as less as possible.  Users: If software is highly secure but user is unaware of security then it would be like a secured building with all doors open by insider.