The Early Years Chapter 6 Section 1
Advantages and Disadvantages American Advantages British Disadvantages 1. Home Advantage Far from home 2. Could recruit troops easily Took time to transport troops 3. Fighting for Freedom! Fighting for the $$$ 4. George Washington Underrated Colonists
Advantages and Disadvantages American Disadvantages British Advantages 1. No navy Most powerful navy 2. Not well trained Strong army 3. Lack of Supplies Plenty of Supplies 4. 2.5 million people 8 Million people Hired mercenaries
Loyalists Strongest population in North Carolina & Georgia. Anglican Church Jobs Not justifiable reason to fight
Neutral Taking neither side of conflict Example: Quakers
Other reasons- $$$, Patriot Cause Some joined British & American sides African Americans Main reason- Freedom!!!! Other reasons- $$$, Patriot Cause Some joined British & American sides Lemuel Hayes & Peter Salem Fought Battle of Concord Over 5,000 enlisted
Women Margaret Corbin- Joined Continental Army with husband. At Battle of Fort Washington, her husband died. She replaced him and manned a cannon against the British. Molly Pitcher- Carried pitchers of water to soldiers Deborah Sampson- Disguised as a boy and enlisted
Raising An Army States’ attitudes Hesitated at first Congress Problems Difficult recruiting Difficult to raise $$$
Raising An Army Congress depended on states to enlist Enlist- recruit One Year Contracts George Washington- Convince men to enlist for 3-4 years or til’ end of war
Battle of Long Island Americans 20,000 troops George Washington British 32,000 troops William Howe Nathan Hale- Connecticut school teacher Spied on British soldiers Caught and hung “I only regret that I have but one life to lose for my country”
Battle of Long Island Americans lost - Short on supplies (No clothes, shoes, shirts, bullets, blankets, etc)
Americans lowest point Lots of soldiers completed term of service and went home. Lost New York George Washington- “I think the game is pretty near up”
Crossing of Delaware Winter of 1776 George Washington led 2,400 men in the night of Christmas Trenton- Surrounded town and captured nearly 1,000 Hessians Princeton- Took it from the Brits
British Strategy Take New York, Albany, & Control of Hudson River - Separate New England from Middle colonies John Burgoyne- South from Canada Barry Leger- East from Lake Ontario William Howe- North from New York
Philadelphia On the way to Albany, William Howe attacks capital of America… On September 1777 Philly is taken and Continental Congress run!
Patriots slow the Brits! British General Leger tried to take Fort Stanwix, but Benedict Arnold forced British to retreat! 2. British General Burgoyne took Fort Ticonderoga a. Reasons to why slowed down i. Carried loads of good food & fine clothing. ii. Americans chopped down trees
Patriots slow the Brits! British General Burgoyne sent 800 men and Native Americans to take supply base in Bennington, Vermont. -Green Mountain Boys attacked them and won battle. Low on troops and supplies, Burgoyne forced to retreat to Saratoga.
Battle of Saratoga Barry Leger isolated in Saratoga (No reinforcements) General Horatio Gates- American surrounded Leger with army three times the size of British army. Leger attempted to attacked but failed… 5,700 British soldiers handed weapons to Americans.