Medical Laboratory Diagnostic Services Tests&Values
Laboratory Tests Culture & Sensitivity Gram’s Stain Urinalysis Complete Blood Count Basic Metabolic Profile Lipoproteins
Culture & Sensitivity C&S Culture Culture=identify microorganism Sensitivity Sensitivity=isolate the microorganism & see what antibiotics it is sensitive to (what kills it)
Gram’s Stain Stains help identify the microorganism so physicians can treat the pt’s infection Various stains are applied to a culture smear Gram’s stain Gram’s stain=most frequently used stain
Urinalysis UA Evaluates sample of urine Used to detect & assess disorders, such as urinary tract infection, kidney disease & diabetes Examines appearance, concentration & content of urine
Complete Blood Count CBC Blood test used to evaluate your overall health Detects a wide range of disorders, including anemia, infection & leukemia
Complete Blood Count blood smear Can also include a blood smear Blood smear Blood smear=drop of blood is spread thinly onto a glass slide that is then treated with a special stain Done to follow-up on abnormal CBC results to evaluate the different types of blood cells
Complete Blood Count Hgb, Hct, WBC Measures several components & features of blood, including: RBC, Hgb, Hct, WBC, & thrombocytes Hemoglobin (Hgb) Hemoglobin (Hgb)=determines the oxygen-carrying ability of the RBCs
Complete Blood Count Hematocrit (Hct) Hematocrit (Hct)=percentage of RBCs per total volume of blood Blood tube is placed in centrifuge & force separates blood into 3 layers=plasma, buffy coat, & packed RBCs
Complete Blood Count White Blood Cell (WBC) Count White Blood Cell (WBC) Count= body produces more WBCs when you have an infection, allergic reaction, or are under stress Leukopenia Leukopenia=low WBC count Leukocytosis Leukocytosis=high WBC count
Complete Blood Count Normal Values: Male Hgb=14-18 gm/dL Female Hgb=12-16 gm/dL Male Hct=41-50% Female Hct=36-44% WBC=4,500-10,000 cells/mL
Basic Metabolic Profile BMP BMP=measures 8 blood levels Measures your sugar (glucose) level, electrolytes, & fluid balance, & kidney function sodium, potassium, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine Includes: sodium, potassium, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine
Basic Metabolic Profile Normal Values Electrolytes: Sodium (Na) mEq/L Potassium (K) mEq/L Sugar: Glucose mg/dL
Basic Metabolic Profile Normal Values Kidney Function: Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) 7-20 mg/dL Creatinine (Cr) mg/dL
Lipoproteins Cholesterol Cholesterol=waxy substance made by body & ingested in food; unable to dissolve in blood Lipoproteins Lipoproteins=lipid (fat) & protein complex in the blood that transports cholesterol
Lipoproteins lipoproteins Two types of lipoproteins carry cholesterol to and from cells LDL Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)- called “bad cholesterol” because it contributes to atherosclerosis Optimal LDL = <100 mg/dL
Lipoproteins HDL High-density lipoprotein (HDL) – called “good cholesterol” because it helps remove LDL from arteries HDL 60 mg/dL and higher HDL 60 mg/dL and higher is considered protective against heart disease