Understanding the World Grade III Science Melissa R. Sison School of Teacher Education Saint Louis University Baguio City

The Five Senses Sense of Sight Sense of Hearing Sense of Smell Sense of Taste Sense of Touch

The Sense Organs and the Brain The sense organs relay to the brain what is happening outside the body. The brain interprets what the sense organ’s message is all about.

What is this smell? Scent of a flower (rose) Scent of a flower (rose) Nerves carry signals to the brain Nerves carry signals from the brain Brain interprets the signals

Sense of Sight The eyes are the organ for seeing. seeing

Parts of the Eye Image Blood Vessels Retina Optic NerveNervePupil Cornea Iris Lens

Functions of the Parts of the Eye Pupil - the pigmented part of the eye which regulates the amount of light that enters the eye. Lens - crystalline and transparent. - gathers and collect light from an object.

Functions of the Parts of the Eye Iris – colored part of the eye surrounding the pupil. Cornea – the glassy and bulging part where light is refracted as it passes through.

Functions of the Parts of the Eye Retina - back surface of the eye where image is formed. Optic nerve – connects the eye to the brain.

Common Ailments Sty A swelling on the eyelid caused by infection. Sore eye Eyes become reddish and painful. There is also fluid discharge coming out of the eye.

Taking Care of the Eyes Read with enough light. Use clean handkerchief to wipe your eyes. Do not rub it with your hands. Use sunglasses when the sunlight is too bright.

Taking Care of the Eyes Avoid reading inside a moving vehicle. Be careful in handling pointed objects.

Sense of smell The nose is the organ for smelling.

Parts of the Nose Olfactory Cells Olfactory nerve Nasal cavity Nostrils Sinus

Functions of the Parts of the Nose Nostrils - opening of the nose where air enters. Nasal cavity - warms and moistens the air you breathe in. Cilia- fine hairs covering the nasal cavity which filter the air that enters the nose.

Functions of the Parts of the Nose Sinus- air spaces in the bones around the nose. Olfactory cells- differentiate one smell from the other Olfactory Nerve- connects and send signals from the nose to the brain.

Common Ailments Rhinitis- a swelling on the nasal cavity caused by allergy, pollutants, drugs or other diseases. Sinusitis- inflammation of the sinuses caused by infection.

Common Ailments Colds- a viral infection caused by rhinovirus usually affecting the nose and throat.

Taking care of the Nose Cover your nose in dusty places. Keep foreign objects away from the nose.

Taking Care of the Nose Blow your nose gently when you have colds. Clean your nose with clean, soft cloth.

Sense of Hearing The ears are the organs for hearing. hearing

Parts of the Ear Outer ear canal Pinna Inner ear canal Eardrum Hammer Anvil Stirrup Eustachian tube Cochlea Auditory Nerve

Function of the Parts of the Ear Outer ear-collects sound waves and sends them to the inner ear. Pinna-it is the curved part of the ear attached to the head Ear Canal-directs sound waves to the eardrum.

Function of the Parts of the Ear Ossicles-consist of the three smallest bones in the body. Hammer, Anvil, Stirrup Inner Ear Cochlea-contains the true organ of hearing and balance. Auditory Nerve-sends signals to the brain.

Function of the Parts of the Ear Middle Ear-a hollow, air-filled cavity consisting of: Inner Auditory Canal- connects the outer ear to the middle ear. Eardrum-vibrates due to sound and sends sound waves deeper into the ear.

Common ailments Otitis Media- infection of the middle earear. A cold or some infection spreads to the middle ear and causes it to fill with fluid. Tinnitus-persistent ringing in the ear. It is caused by too much exposure to loud noises damaging the cochlea cochlea.

Common ailments Deafness -loss of ability to hear due to disease, drugs, trauma or inherent disorder.

Taking care of the Ear Clean the outer ear with soft cloth or cotton. Keep water from entering the inner parts of your ears when you swim or bathe. Keep pointed objects away from your ears.

Taking care of the Ear Stay away from places where there are loud noises. Do not shout into your friend’s ears. Likewise, do not let them shout into your ears.

Sense of Taste The tongue is the organ for tasting.

Parts of the Tongue Sour Bitter Sweet and Salty

Functions of the Tongue The tongue is usually flat, has no bones and its muscle fibers run to different directions so it is easily moved.

Common Ailments of the Tongue Inflammation of the tongue occurs when there is infection, injury, deficiency in food that we eat, or if there is allergy. Spicy and hot food can also cause sore tongue.

Taking Care of the Tongue Do not eat very hot, very spicy, or even very cold food. Brush the teeth and tongue regularly. Use your own toothbrush. Do not borrow or lend your toothbrush.

Sense of Touch The skin is the organ of touch.

Parts of the Skin Epidermis Dermis Hypodermis Hair root Sweat Gland Sebaceous Gland

Functions of the Parts of the Skin Epidermis-the top layer of the skin. It has a thin waterproof covering made of dead cells. Dermis-the thicker layer containing nerve ending sensitive to cold, heat, pressure and pain Hypodermis-the thickest layer containing fat lobules.

Functions of the Parts of the Skin Sweat Gland-produces sweat, one of the by- products of our body. Hair root- part of the hair which is embedded in the skin. Sebaceous Gland-gives off oil to keep the skin from drying.

Common Ailments of the Skin Tinea flava- appears as white spots on the skin especially on the face and arms.

Common Ailments of the Skin Scabies-caused by mites burrowing under the skin. It causes too much itching.

Common Ailments of the Skin Boils-hard, painful swelling on the skin caused by bacteria.

Caring for the Skin Eat plenty of fruits and vegetables. Take a bath regularly. Change dirty clothes.

Caring for the Skin Drink plenty of water. Wash right away if the skin feels itchy. Do not over-expose yourself to sunlight.

« All knowledge comes from the senses. » - David Hume

Mr. Wilfred B. Bambico, PhD Educational Technology 2 School of Teacher Education Saint Louis University Baguio City