How Nerve Signals Maintain Homeostasis

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

How and why do organisms respond to changes in their environment? Can you list what is required for a coordinated response? What makes up the CNS? Can.

Advertisements

Nervous System.

The Nervous System Chapter 9. Learning Targets By end of this lesson, you should be able to: Differentiate between the central and peripheral nervous.

The nervous system.

An Introduction to the Nervous System The Nervous System – Includes all neural tissue in the body – Neural tissue contains two kinds of cells 1.Neurons.

Neurons and the Nervous System

Structure of a Neuron. 1. cell body 2. nucleus 3. dendrites 4. axon 5. Schwann cell nucleus 6. myelin sheath 7. node of Ranvier 8. Schwann cell 9. terminal.

Part 1: The Nervous System ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY. Three Functions of the Nervous System: Sensory Input: Gathers stimuli (receives information) Integration:

An Introduction to the Nervous System

Human Nervous System Most Remarkable Communication Center

The Nervous System Chapter 36.

Homeostasis and the nervous system.

Part 1 Biology 12.  An integral part of your body’s communication system.  It plays an important role in the smooth functioning of the body.  The nervous.

How Nerve Signals Maintain Homeostasis

9 How Nerve Signals Maintain Homeostasis

NERVOUS SYSTEM Its function is to control and co-ordinate the parts of the body.

THE NERVOUS SYSTEM. The Nervous System Central Nervous System Peripheral Nervous System BrainSpinal cord Cranial Nerves Spinal Nerves Ganglia.

Chapter 13.1 Pages The Nervous System. Introduction The Organization of the Nervous System.

Chapter The anatomy of a neuron. The mechanisms of impulse transmission in a neuron. The process that leads to release of neurotransmitter, and.

Biology 30 Unit 1: The Nervous System Intro Recap.

Guided Notes for the Nervous System Part One. Three Overlapping Functions of the Nervous System A.Uses millions of sensory receptors to monitor stimuli.

Understand the language – understand the process.

SBI 4U: Metablic Processes

The Nervous System. Vertebrate nervous systems The nervous system has two main divisions: the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous.

The Nervous System Chapter 9. Maintaining Homeostasis… Your body has physiological and biochemical mechanisms in place to help it maintain a stable internal.

Neuron Structure and Function. Nervous System  Nervous system is composed of specialized cells called neurons.  Neurons have long “arms” called axons.

Nervous Tissue. Neuron (motor)  Nerves – bundles of neurons held together by connective tissue (found in PNS)  Neurons – specialized nerve cells that.

Nervous System & Neurons

The Neuron  The basic functional unit of the nervous system.  Function: Send impulses to and from the CNS and PNS and the effectors (muscles/glands)

Chapter 11: Nervous System NS Organization Neurons Reflex Arcs.

Nervous System the nervous system receives and interprets information from the internal and external environment and produces a response that allows the.

-read the Summaries at the back of each section (example pg.414) -read the Summaries in the KEY and do practice questions -you should read your textbook.

The Nervous System. Introduction In all animals, except the sponges, responses to stimuli depend on the activities of networks of nerve cell, or neurons.

Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology

Neurons and Neurotransmitters. Nervous System –Central nervous system (CNS): Brain Spinal cord –Peripheral nervous system (PNS): Sensory neurons Motor.

The Nervous System Chapter 6

Functional Organization of Nervous Tissue Chapter 11

The Nervous System: Neural Tissue

The Nervous System Control Center for Maintaining Homeostasis.

Warm Up List the events in the nervous system that occur if you accidentally get a paper cut. How does your body respond?

Unit 3: Chapter 9 How Nerve Signals Maintain Homeostasis Section 9.1 (pages )

Biology 30 The Nervous System Chapter 11 and 12 Intro Animation.

Chapter 15 Nervous & Chemical Control (sec. 1 & 2)

Bio 12 NEURONS. Joke of the day: Wouldn’t that be great!

Nervous System Structure & Function. Nervous System Master control & communication system for the body Works with other systems to maintain homeostasis.

The Nervous System.

SBI 4U JANUARY 14 TH, 2013 The Importance of the Nervous System.

NERVOUS SYSTEM Its function is to control and co-ordinate the parts of the body.

An introduction to the Nervous system From:

The Nervous System Chapter. Learning Targets By end of this lesson, you should be able to: Differentiate between the central and peripheral nervous systems.

Nervous System. Function of the nervous system Transmits stimuli to the brain (sound, sight, taste, smell, feel) Processes information (thinks) Responds.

The Nervous System. Functions of the Nervous System 1. Monitors internal and external environment 2. Take in and analyzes information 3. Coordinates voluntary.

ELAINE N. MARIEB EIGHTH EDITION 7 Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings PowerPoint ® Lecture Slide Presentation by.

 Elaborate communication system that contains more than 100 billion nerve cells in the brain alone  Control the actions of the body  Makes adjustments.

The Nervous System WALT The structure and function of the nervous system The motor neurone The reflex arc.

The Nervous System: Neural Tissue. Introduction –Nervous system = control center & communications network –Functions  Stimulates movements  Maintains.

Chapter 12 Nervous System Cells Introduction The function of the nervous system, along with the endocrine system, is to communicate –Controls and integrates.

Topic: 6.5 Option A. Nerve Signals Maintain Homeostasis Both the nervous system and the endocrine system control actions of the body and maintain homeostasis.

Neurons and Neurotransmitters. Nervous System –Central nervous system (CNS): Brain Spinal cord –Peripheral nervous system (PNS): Sensory neurons Motor.

NERVOUS SYSTEM Objectives: 1. Describe the divisions of the nervous system & basic functioning 2. Explain how information flows through the nervous system.

Neuron Structure. Neurons Three classified types of neurons: Sensory Neurons Associative (inter neurons) Motor Neurons.

The Structure of the Nervous System Chapter 13.1.

SBI 4U: Metablic Processes

An Introduction to the Nervous System (Dosman)

SBI 4U: Metablic Processes

Nervous Tissue.

The Nervous System Chapter 9 .

Nervous System.

NEURONS Bio 12.

BIOLOGY 30 – Unit 1 Nervous and Endocrine Systems

Presentation transcript:

How Nerve Signals Maintain Homeostasis Chapter 9

The Nervous System Intro Every single stimulus (light, touch, feeling of muscles moving, pressure, blinking, etc.) involves your nervous system. Coordinated motions (which do not seems to be coordinated) are controlled mostly by the nervous system. nervous system + endocrine system control the actions of the body.

The Nervous System Elaborate communication system Contains 100 billion nerve cells in the brain alone. Humans: memory, learning, language, etc.

Vertebrate Nervous System 2 main divisions: Central nervous system (CNS) Brain + spinal cord  coordinating centre Incoming and outgoing info. Peripheral nervous system (PNS) Info between organs of body and CNS. Two peripheral divisions: Somatic Skeletal muscles, bones, and skin Sensory somatic PNS: relay info about environment to CNS. Motor somatic PNS: initiate appropriate responds. Autonomic Motor nerves which control internal organs of body. Sympathetic Parasympathetic

Organization of the Nervous System

Nerve Cells Glial cells Neurons Nonconducting cells  structural support and metabolism of nerve cells. Neurons Functional units of nervous system (conduct electricity) Sensory neurons “afferent neurons” Sense and relay info (stimuli) from environment to CNS (ex// photoreceptors, chemoreceptors, thermoreceptors, etc.) Ganglia: clusters of sensory receptors. Interneurons Integrate and interpret sensory and motor neurons (found mostly in the CNS) Motor neurons “efferent neurons” Relay info to effectors: muscles, organs, and glands (can produce a response)

Anatomy of a Nerve Cell (Neuron) All neurons contain: Dendrites Receive info from other nerve cells Conduct info towards the neuron’s cell body Soma: neuronal cell body (containing nucleus) Axon Extension of cytoplasm Carries nerve impulse towards other neurons or effectors. Creates an “attachment” to other neurons. Super super thin (100 could fit inside single human hair!)

Myelin Sheath Insulation Myelin sheaths are formed by special glial cells called Schwann cells Myelin sheaths prevents the loss of ions from axon. (important when you understand how these cells work!) Made of ‘fatty protein’

Nodes of Ranvier Between sections of myelin sheath Nerve impulses jump from one node to another  speed up movement of nerve impulses. Nerve impulses move much faster along myelinated nerve fibres than nonmyelinated ones. (Nerve impulses move much faster along smaller diameter axons)

Neurilemmas Thin membrane which surrounds the axon in peripheral nervous system Promotes regeneration of damaged axons Severed neurons can be rejoined. (feeling gradually returns to your finger following a paper cut)

White and Grey Matter White matter Grey matter Nerve cells within the brain that contain myelinated fibres and neurilemma Myelinated axons white in appearance Grey matter Nerve cells within the brain and spinal cord referred to as grey matter: lack myelin sheath and neurilemma  do not regenerate after injury Damage to grey matter is usually permanent.

Categories of Neurons Sensory Neurons: AFFERENT neurons: relay info from environment  CNS Located in clusters called ganglia Photoreceptors (eyes) Chemoreceptors (tongue and nose) Thermoreceptors (skin and hypothalamus) Interneurons Interpret sensory info and send info to outgoing motor neurons (mostly in CNS) Motor neurons: EFFERENT neurons: relay info from interneurons  effectors (produce a response) Muscles organs, glands

Organization of Nerves Most nerves are part of many neurons/axons held together in a ‘bundle.’

Neural Circuits Reflex Example: touching a hot stove Involuntary and often unconscious Example: touching a hot stove How long does it take you to remove your hand? Nerve impulse is carried to the spinal chord  motor neuron (skipping brain)  sensation felt after removing hand.

Reflex arc Simplest nerve pathway. Occurs without brain coordination Five essential components: Receptor Sensory neuron Interneuron (spinal chord) Motor neuron Effector

Seatwork/Homework Page 417 1) # 1-6, 8. 2) Draw/ Label a general neuron: dendrite(s), soma, nucleus, axon, myelin sheath, axon terminals, direction of impulse. 3) Read page 415 article. Make brief notes.