Class Project Report Sustainable Air Quality, EECE 449/549, Spring 2009 Washington University, St. Louis, MO The Energy Analysis and Carbon Footprint of.

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Class Project Report Sustainable Air Quality, EECE 449/549, Spring 2009 Washington University, St. Louis, MO The Energy Analysis and Carbon Footprint of the Danforth University Center and its Causality Drivers The Energy Analysis and Carbon Footprint of the Danforth University Center and its Causality Drivers Instructors: Professor Rudolf B. Husar, Erin M. Robinson For more details see the class wikiclass wiki Students: Maiko Arashiro Alex Clark Neil Feinberg Mark Henson Kerry Herr Evan Kangas Janna Lambson Michael McDonald Katie Poeltl Cameron Smith Kharel Thompson

Class Project: Energy Analysis and Carbon Footprint of the Danforth University Center Specific Objectives: 1.Analyze the energy usage in the DUC 2.Apportion the energy use to activities in the DUC 3.Determine the carbon footprint of the DUC activities 4.Estimate the cost of supplying energy to the DUC 5.Evaluate renewable energy options for electricity at the DUC

DANFORTH UNIVERSITY CENTER: BUILDING FUNCTIONS PURPOSE: “…provide a gathering place not only for students, but also for the entire community — faculty, staff, friends, parents, alumni/ae, and visitors.” FUNCTIONS: Student Career Center Casual and Up-Scale Dining Facilities Offices for Student Organizations and Student Media Meeting Rooms and Conference Facilities Social Spaces and Lounges for Groups and Individuals Underground Parking Facility

DUC Space Usage Dining/Open Offices Kitchen Other Facilities? Directly from LEEDS : DUC

DUC OVERALL ENERGY BALANCE ‘RAW’ ENERGY FLOWS FOR PERIOD 3/12/09 THROUGH 4/24/09 Electricity Gas Hot Water Cold Water 24.3 MMBTU/day 4.6 MMBTU/day 1.0 MM BTU /day VentilationCooking Hoods ‘Skin’ Loss Activities Dining/Cooking Socializing Social Services ‘Leaks’ ? MM BTU /day 5.6 MMBTU/day 12.2 MMBTU/day 12.0 MMBTU/day

DUC ENERGY COSTS ENERGY COSTS FOR PERIOD 3/12/09 THROUGH 4/24/09 ElectricityGas Hot WaterCold Water $39.20/day Activities Dining/Cooking Socializing Social Services $36.12/day $129.16/day $212.37/day COST BASIS $0.0362/kWh $0.70/therm CONVERSION BASIS 1 kW/ton Refrigeration 80% Boiler Efficiency

DUC CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS CO 2 EMISSIONS FOR THE PERIOD 3/12/09 THROUGH 4/24/09 ElectricityGas Hot WaterCold Water 278 kg/day Activities Dining/Cooking Socializing Social Services 607 kg/day 2170 kg/day 1503 kg/day CO 2 EMISSION FACTORS kg CO 2 /kWh 4.95 kg CO 2 /therm CONVERSION BASIS 1 kW/ton Refrigeration 80% Boiler Efficiency

Equipment Relationship Diagram

DUC kWh Distribution Misc. Equipment estimates could not be verified and were not included

AHU-1 Supply Fan Daily Pattern

AHU-1 Heat Recovery Fan Daily Pattern

AHU-2 Supply Fan Daily Pattern

AHU-1 & 2 Relief Fans Daily Pattern