American Revolutionary War

First Continental Congress John Dickinson John Dickinson John Adams John Adams Patrick Henry Patrick Henry Declaration of Resolves/Rights Declaration of Resolves/Rights

‘Shot Heard Round the World’ Minutemen Minutemen April 1775 British Officer Thomas Gage April 1775 British Officer Thomas Gage Seize weapons at Concord Seize weapons at Concord Paul Revere Paul Revere

‘Shot Heard Round the World’ April , Lexington – outnumbered colonists April , Lexington – outnumbered colonists ‘Shot Heard Round the World’ – START OF REVOLUTIONARY WAR! ‘Shot Heard Round the World’ – START OF REVOLUTIONARY WAR!

‘Shot Hear Round the World’ Concord weapons Concord weapons Battle at Concord Battle at Concord –250 British dead (Redcoats) –>100 Colonists dead –Inaccurate weapons

Second Continental Congress May 1775 Philadelphia, PA May 1775 Philadelphia, PA Do not break away Do not break away Build Continental Army- George Washington as Commander Build Continental Army- George Washington as Commander

Second Continental Congress July – Olive Branch Petition- Richard Penn July – Olive Branch Petition- Richard Penn King George III Rejects – Why? King George III Rejects – Why?

Early Battles A. Fort Ticonderoga A. Fort Ticonderoga –Lake Champlain –Arnold and Allen –Defeat British – take weapons

Early Battles B. Bunker Hill and Breeds Hill B. Bunker Hill and Breeds Hill –Boston under siege –Colonists on hills –Low on ammunition – Retreat –Defeated BUT - Moral victory  1,000 British Casualties  400 Colonial Casualties

Early Battles C. Dorchester Heights C. Dorchester Heights –Washington brings in the big guns –British siege overthrown –Boston back in colonial control

Thomas Paine Common Sense Common Sense –47 pages –Why was it so popular?

Declaration of Independence Influenced by Paine Influenced by Paine June 1776 June 1776 –John Adams –Thomas Jefferson –Benjamin Franklin –Roger Sherman –Robert R. Livingston

Declaration of Independence Intro, Rights, Complaints, Independence Intro, Rights, Complaints, Independence Criticized King George III Criticized King George III Influence of the Enlightenment – Social Contract Theory Influence of the Enlightenment – Social Contract Theory July 2, July 4, Aug July 2, July 4, Aug

Declaration of Independence Enlightenment beliefs Enlightenment beliefs –Respect ‘natural rights’ –Life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness –Corrupt governments –King George III

Choosing Sides Patriots: Support Revolution/ Traitor to your mother country Patriots: Support Revolution/ Traitor to your mother country Loyalist: remain loyal to mother country Loyalist: remain loyal to mother country July At the Signing of the Declaration of Independence: "We must indeed all hang together, or, most assuredly, we shall all hang separately." July At the Signing of the Declaration of Independence: "We must indeed all hang together, or, most assuredly, we shall all hang separately." ~Benjamin Franklin

Trenton Christmas ‘76 Christmas ‘76 Washington crosses the Delaware River Washington crosses the Delaware River British use of Mercenaries/Hessians. British use of Mercenaries/Hessians. Morale booster! Morale booster!

Princeton Jan. ‘77 Jan. ‘77 Campfires burning Campfires burning Morale Boost Morale Boost

Saratoga Oct. ’77 Oct. ’77 26 days – 25 miles 26 days – 25 miles –Lack of communication Biggest win to this point Biggest win to this point Gain support of France and Spain Gain support of France and Spain

Valley Forge Winter of ‘77 – ’78 Winter of ‘77 – ’78 ¼ of the troops die – Washington gambles ¼ of the troops die – Washington gambles Von Steuben – Prussian Officer Von Steuben – Prussian Officer Well trained army Well trained army

Vincennes George Rogers Clark George Rogers Clark Kaskaskia/Cahokia Kaskaskia/Cahokia British lose Western hold British lose Western hold

Camden Aug. ‘80 Aug. ‘80 Gates vs. Cornwallis Gates vs. Cornwallis Cornwallis dominating the South Cornwallis dominating the South Gates men sick off cornmeal and molasses Gates men sick off cornmeal and molasses Cornwallis destroys patriot army Cornwallis destroys patriot army

Yorktown Fall ‘81 Fall ‘81 Siege on Yorktown – trap Cornwallis Siege on Yorktown – trap Cornwallis Help of French Navy Help of French Navy Washington from NY - Rochambeau Washington from NY - Rochambeau Last major battle of American Revolution Last major battle of American Revolution

Treaty of Paris of 1783 Benjamin Franklin negotiates with British Benjamin Franklin negotiates with British Cornwallis surrenders in ‘81 but treaty not signed until ‘83. Cornwallis surrenders in ‘81 but treaty not signed until ‘83.