Cultural and Social Factors Cultural and Social Factors (that affect participation) Three units in the module: Leisure Time Fairness and Personal and Social Responsibility Social Groupings

Cultural and Social Factors (that affect participation) Three units in the module: Leisure Time Fairness and Personal and Social Responsibility Social Groupings TODAY: Leisure Time Leisure Time: OBJECTIVES To understand the concept of leisure time and look at the types of provisions that can be made for it. To be aware of specifically identifiable user groups.   Leisure Time: WHAT YOU WILL LEARN Opportunities available – reasons for increased leisure time, e.g. greater unemployment, shorter working week, technological advances including more labour-saving devices. Growth in the leisure industry (public and private sector) to provide for this greater need. Providers and users – local authority provision specifically targeting particular ‘user groups’ and making concessions and allowances for them

What do we do with our time? The BIG question.. What is LEISURE? Time spent not working and participating in activities we enjoy. A time for choice.

What do we do with our time? Look at these pictures of the 1900’s. Why do you think people had little leisure time?

What do we do with our time? Look at these pictures of today. Why do you think people have more leisure time?

What was the difference between the 1900’s and today? The Reasons for Increased Leisure Time 1900’s Long working hours (40-44 hours a week) Heavy manual labour Lack of house hold appliances Transport limited Low wages Today Shorter working week (37 hours a week) Technology Early Retirement Unemployment

Why People Participate 1 Health 2 Leisure and Enjoyment 3 Vocation

Why People Participate Health Reduce stress Relaxing Sense of well being Feel good about yourself Recover from illness or incapacity Lose weight or tone muscle Feeling of well being

Why People Participate Leisure and Enjoyment Enjoy it Satisfaction and relaxation Make new friends Socialise Friendship Hobby Life long passion

Why People Participate Vocation Not just professional sport men and women Also coaches, physiotherapists, sports development officers and PE teachers Professional sport once limited to soccer, rugby league, boxing, jockeys tennis and golf Lots of careers in sport Sports clubs employ full time officials Governing bodies of sport such as UK Sport and Sport England employ full time staff

Recreation What is recreation? It is an active form of leisure A time to relax To do something healthy How can your age, location and the cost influence what you do in your recreation time?

Starter Task: Watch the pictures below and see if you can work out the focus of today’s lesson

Objective: To understand the concepts of fair play and correct etiquette within sport (Fairness and personal and social responsibility). ALL: What is meant by the terms etiquette and fair play? MOST: Why are etiquette and fair play so important in sport? (Give examples in your answer) SOME: Using one or more example explain why ‘entering into the spirit of the game’ is so important?

Cultural and Social Factors (that affect participation) Three units in the module: Leisure Time Fairness and Personal and Social Responsibility Social Groupings TODAY: Fairness and Personal and Social Responsibility Fairness and… : OBJECTIVES To understand the concepts of fair play and correct etiquette  Fairness and… : WHAT YOU WILL LEARN Concepts of etiquette and fairness – examples of where this is expected to take place within different sports The link with rules – adherence to the rules and spirit of the game, including responding positively to the officials in charge (teachers/coaches, etc.) affecting safety.

Fairness & Personal & Social Responsibility Etiquette (pronounced [,eti'ket]) is a code of behaviour that outlines expectations for social behaviour according to contemporary conventional norms within a society, social class, or group (sport). Fairness - conformity with rules or standards. Free from favouritism, self-interest, or preference in judgment “Spirit of the Game places the responsibility for fair play on every player. Highly competitive play is encouraged but should never sacrifice the mutual respect between players, adherence to the rules of the game, or the basic joy of play.” (WFDF Rules of Ultimate).

Cultural and Social Factors (that affect participation) Three units in the module: Leisure Time Fairness and Personal and Social Responsibility Social Groupings TODAY: Social Groupings Social Groupings: OBJECTIVES To be aware of the different types of social groupings that exist. To understand the influences and effects these groups can have, both positively and negatively.   Social Groupings: WHAT YOU WILL LEARN Peers – positive and negative effects of peer pressure on participation Family – positive and negative effects of family pressure on participation Gender – positive and negative effects of gender on participation in sport including wider sporting opportunities and involvement in management and officials’ roles Ethnicity – awareness and appreciation of their own and other cultures in relation to physical activities.

Objective: ALL: Identify the 4 social groupings that exist MOST: Explain the positive and negative influences that these groupings can have on participation in sport SOME: Consider ways of encouraging those who are negatively affected by their social groupings to participate in sport

 Positive effect – encouraging participation Positive & Negative influences on participation The right to participate in a wide range of sporting and recreational activities is taken for granted by most of us today. But there are still those who don’t always have the opportunities to take part. This unit of work focuses on the main social groupings that influences participation in sport and physical activity. These influences can have a…  Positive effect – encouraging participation  Negative effect – they do not encourage participation.

Family Gender Positive & Negative influences on participation Parents often encourage their children to participate in the sports they like themselves. Parental support and interest often greatly increases their child’s enthusiasm, the lack of it may have the opposite effect unless other influences, such as school or friends, have a more positive effect. The long tradition of discrimination against women in sport has not completely died away. Many sports were not considered ladylike and men thought women could get hurt easily, so they were not allowed to participate. Boxing, for example. In the UK, women now play almost every sport men do, but still the attendances and prize money are less than the men’s equivalent. However, in some countries, religion and political beliefs prevent women from participating. Gender

Ethnicity Peer group Positive & Negative influences on participation A persons ethnic origin can heavily influence their participation in sport. In many cultures there are rules stipulating what women can/cannot wear and this in turn can have an impact on their participation in PE/Sport. Some cultures still see the women’s role as in the home which limits their leisure time. Ethnicity Peer group pressure or influence can be a major factor in the lifestyle and interests of young people. What your friends do, you often do. It takes strength of character to follow your own inclinations rather than just follow the crowd. Sometimes friends/others in your peer group may ridicule your participation in a certain sport, this can have a negative impact. Peer group

Extension Task: Pick one of the following scenarios and create an action plan (what would you do?) Your best friend is not really interested in sport/PE but you really want them to attend the local badminton club with you. Consider how you would encourage them to join with you. You are a PE teacher and a pupil in Y8 has shown a real talent for athletics. You keep encouraging them to join a club, they seem really excited about this but never join. When you speak to them about this it appears that their parents do not want them go, they have said they cannot afford it and they don’t see why they can’t just stay at home and watch tv like the rest of the family.