In-text citations In-text citations – used to put important ________ information in _______________________ after a paraphrase or quote NOTE: Should NOT have more than 1/3 of your paper cited

Why Use In-Text Citations? Used within your research paper to refer readers to the source in the Works Cited – In case the reader wants to check it out! Gives credit where credit is due – *No in-text citation = _______________________

In-Text Citations: Use when… ______________ an original idea from a source ________________ that is NOT “common knowledge” ________________ another person’s idea – For example, Literary criticism! ________________

In-Text Citations: MLA For MLA style, in-text citations should include: – 1. ____________________ _____________ _____________ – 2. ________________ ____________________ -Citation comes BEFORE the closing punctuation mark. Example, Quotation from GALE eBook: “He received honorary degrees from Harvard, Yale, and Oxford universities” (Benson 583). Example, Paraphrase: Benjamin Franklin was educated at Harvard, Oxford, and Yale universities (Benson 583).

Set-Up Line Set-up Line – a “signal phrase” that uses the ___________________ ___________ to “set up” the piece of information – If you use a set-up line, you do NOT need to put the author’s name in parentheses. As Sonia Benson explains Example, direct quotation: As Sonia Benson explains, “In 1787, Franklin attended the Constitutional Convention, during which members wrote the U.S. Constitution” (583). Sonia Benson tells us that Example, paraphrase: Sonia Benson tells us that Benjamin Franklin played a part in creating the U.S. Constitution in 1787 (583).

In-Text Citations: No Page Numbers If you’re using an internet source that has no page numbers, such as an article, then only include the ____________________ ___________ _____________ in the citation. Example from a New Yorker article found online: “Even within Apple, Jobs was known for taking credit for others’ ideas” (Gladwell).

In-Text Citations: Author Unknown When the author’s name is not given, the first thing in parentheses should be the ______________ word in your entry for the source in your Works Cited page. – Usually the first word in the title – Not “the” – In quotes

Example of a Paraphrase from Biography.com: Citation: "Barack Hussein Obama, Jr.." The Biography.com website. May Paraphrase: Barack was primarily raised by his mother because his father was studying in Massachusetts before his parents split apart (“Barack”). Author Unknown: Example

Activity: Worksheet Complete the worksheet, “Practice with In-Text Citations,” by filling in the blanks with the required citation information. Follow the directions on the worksheet. You may work with partners if you’d like, but I will collect a worksheet from every student.

For further information: **Purdue Owl: MLA Formatting and Style Guide (edited 2014) ( hackerandbooks.com Research and Documentation Online: 5 th edition Bedford Writing Center: Portland State University Writing Center l_3.html