Ingredient Key Terms Chapter 11

Antioxidants Applied topically, they neutralize free radicals and are added to cosmetics to prevent oxidation

Binders Bind or hold products together, glycerin is an example

Humectants Draw moisture to the skin and diminish lines caused by dryness

Solvents Dissolve other ingredients

Surfactants Allow the cosmetic to slip across the skin. Sodium laureate sulfate is an example

Vehicles Spreading agents that carry other ingredients into the skin

Alcohol Used as an antiseptic and solvent in perfumes

Allanation Used for its ability to help heal wounds and skin ulcers and stimulate the growth of healthy tissue

Alum A strong astringent action and is usually used as a styptic to stop bleeding

Collagen A large, long chain of protein that lies on top of the skin and prevents water loss

Echinacea Is used internally to support the immune system

Green Tea Antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and a stimulant, it is helpful for couperose skin

Horsechestnut An extract containing bioflavonoids. It strengthens capillary walls (aka Vitamin P)

Hyaluronic Acid A hydrophilic agent with excellent water binding properties +

Lanolin An emollient that is a derivative of sheep’s wool

Liposomes Used to transport other agents such as antioxidants into the skin

Mineral Oil An emollient derived from petroleum that is clear and odorless

Petroleum Jelly An occlusive agent used after laser surgery to protect the skin as it heals

Salicylic Acid A betahydroxy acid with exfoliating and antiseptic properties found in sweet birch, willow bark, and wintergreen

Sorbitol A humectant that absorbs moisture to prevent skin dryness

Squalene Obtained from shark liver oil and found in human sebum

Titanium Dioxide A nonchemical ingredient that blocks UV rays

Urea Properties include enhancing the penetration abilities of other substances

Zinc Oxide Used to protect, soothe and heal the skin. It is an excellent barrier to the sun and other irritants