3 Hospitality Past, Present, and Future

Objectives Name three countries that played an important role in the early days of the hospitality industry. Name five contributions to the hospitality industry by the United States. Associate the relationship of the change in transportation and the growth of the hospitality industry. continued

Objectives Assess four challenges that the hospitality industry faces today. List four factors that affect the hospitality industry that people cannot control. Determine how knowing trends helps the hospitality manager. List and give an example of the four types of trends that affect the hospitality industry.

Early History Major innovations came from Egypt, Greece, and the Roman Empire Tourist attractions, souvenirs, and cruises all originated in Egypt Greek language and money became widely accepted, making travel and business easier The Roman system of roads made travel quicker and easier

Development in the United States The United States has made five major contributions to the hospitality industry: grand hotels motels restaurant chains fast-food businesses franchises continued

Development in the United States Stagecoach travel created a need for inns where travelers could eat and sleep In the 1800s, a boom in railroad travel lead to the development of grand hotels and hoteliers Automobile travel prompted the development of motels, which included amenities Airports became a center for hotel, motel, and restaurant development

Hospitality Today Challenges the hospitality industry faces today include delivering quality service consistently diversity of the workforce accommodating special needs impact of seasons

Delivering Consistent Service Guests must receive good service each time they visit Managers need to develop procedures that ensure good service Employees must be trained in these procedures

Diversity of the Workforce Today’s hospitality workforce includes more women and more people from various backgrounds and cultures To be successful, businesses must meet the needs of this diverse workforce for education, training, and other kinds of support

Accommodating Special Needs Special needs include medical conditions, physical disabilities, and cognitive disabilities Special needs may also result from religious beliefs, health, or circumstances The Americans with Disabilities Act was passed to ensure that people with disabilities are treated fairly and that public buildings are accessible

Impact of Seasons Demand for hospitality services varies with the seasons Peak seasons are those with the highest demand Off-peak seasons have the lowest demand Timing of peak and off-peak seasons depends on the type of business and its location

Factors Affecting Success Four factors hospitality managers cannot control include weather political conditions economic conditions globalization (the process in which the economies of nations become interconnected)

Weather Bad weather may cause customers to stay away or to leave early Severe weather can damage buildings and other property ©Elaine Davis/Shutterstock.com

Political Conditions Bad or dangerous political conditions discourage travel Today there is increased emphasis on security, particularly at airports and other transportation hubs

Economic Conditions Many hospitality businesses rise and fall with the economy During a recession or contraction, when the economy slows down, the hospitality industry is one of the first to suffer During an expansion, the economy grows and does well, but hospitality is one of the last industries to benefit

Globalization Economic problems in one country can affect others around the world Transnational corporations have offices in countries around the world Tourism facilities are being developed nationally and internationally

Trends for the Future Four trends affecting businesses are demographic trends social trends lifestyle trends technology trends Hospitality professionals stay informed about trends so that they can better serve their customers’ needs and wants

Demographic Trends Demographics is the study of a population’s characteristics, such as age, income, or ethnic origin Two demographic trends that affect the hospitality industry: more retirees more young people traveling in small groups

Social Trends A social trend is a change in the structure or beliefs of a society Two social trends that affect the hospitality industry: changes in family structure acceptance of gaming

Lifestyle Trends A lifestyle trend is a change in the way people live their lives Three lifestyle trends that affect the hospitality industry: concern for health impulse buying desire to learn and have new experiences

Technology Trends Two technology trends that affect the hospitality industry: customers’ use of the Internet and mobile computing to obtain information and make reservations businesses’ use of software to manage information about guests, employees, and finances

Chapter 3 Review In ancient times, which country’s language and money became widely accepted, making travel and business easier? Greece Which country was the first to develop motels? the United States continued

Chapter 3 Review Name four modes of travel that influenced the development of the hospitality industry. stagecoach, railroad, automobile, airplane Three of the challenges facing the hospitality industry are consistent service, workforce diversity, and special needs. What is the fourth? impact of seasons continued

Chapter 3 Review What is globalization? the process in which the economies of nations become interconnected Why do hospitality professionals need to stay informed about trends? so they can better serve their customers’ needs and wants