Monday October 20 AGENDA: Vocab Test!!! Vocab Test!!! Introduction to Shakespeare/Plays Introduction to Shakespeare/Plays BY THE END OF CLASS, YOU WILL BE ABLE TO: Define common ACT prefixes, suffixes, and root words Define common ACT prefixes, suffixes, and root words Define common terminology of plays Define common terminology of plays

Vocab Test 10 prefixes, 10 suffixes, 10 roots 10 prefixes, 10 suffixes, 10 roots 30 words, 30 definitions 30 words, 30 definitions All choices are used once All choices are used once Process of elimination!!! Process of elimination!!! L and N are interchangeable L and N are interchangeable If you can’t remember the definition, think of an example word If you can’t remember the definition, think of an example word No talking, talking is cheating, cheating is a zero out of 60!!! No talking, talking is cheating, cheating is a zero out of 60!!!

William Shakespeare Stratford-on-AvonEngland

Shakespeare's birth place. Stratford - on - Avon Stratford - on - Avon

Facts About Shakespeare! William was born on April 23,1564. William was born on April 23,1564. In 1582, he had married and was living in London. In 1582, he had married and was living in London. By 1594 he had a reputation of being an actor, had written many plays, and became principal playwright of Lord Chamberlain’s men. By 1594 he had a reputation of being an actor, had written many plays, and became principal playwright of Lord Chamberlain’s men. 1599, They built the globe theater. 1599, They built the globe theater. 1603, he took control over Lord Chamberlain’s Men. 1603, he took control over Lord Chamberlain’s Men.

More background In 1610, Shakespeare retired and invested in grain and farmland. In 1610, Shakespeare retired and invested in grain and farmland. On April 23,1616, Shakespeare died, on his 52 nd birthday. On April 23,1616, Shakespeare died, on his 52 nd birthday. William was regarded as the greatest author in the English Language. 400 years after his death. William was regarded as the greatest author in the English Language. 400 years after his death.

History of England Queen Elizabeth (daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn) and King James were fans of Shakespeare Queen Elizabeth (daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn) and King James were fans of Shakespeare The Renaissance is credited to these two monarchs who loved the theater. The Renaissance is credited to these two monarchs who loved the theater. This was a time of bubonic plague—killed thousands and thousands of people in England This was a time of bubonic plague—killed thousands and thousands of people in England

The Globe Theater Top view of Shakespeare's Globe Theater Entrance of The Globe Theater Original Theaters

Globe Theater History Built is 1599 from used wood from England’s first theather, The Theater Built is 1599 from used wood from England’s first theather, The Theater Burned to ground in 1613 after cannon caught thatch roof on fire Burned to ground in 1613 after cannon caught thatch roof on fire A flag was hoisted over the theater to signify a play A flag was hoisted over the theater to signify a play Octagonal in shape; held people Octagonal in shape; held people Had three levels/galleries- status dependent upon where you sat in the theater Had three levels/galleries- status dependent upon where you sat in the theater Lighting was only from open center in roof, so plays only took place in afternoons Lighting was only from open center in roof, so plays only took place in afternoons Elaborate costumes Elaborate costumes

New Globe Theaters Re built Globe Theater in Thames English. Built on September 19, 1999.

Shakespeare’s plays are still done in globe theaters around the world.

Plays Typically lasted 2 ½- 3 hours in length Typically lasted 2 ½- 3 hours in length No “Acts” but frequent intermissions No “Acts” but frequent intermissions No scenery or elaborate props No scenery or elaborate props No actresses, young boys played the female roles No actresses, young boys played the female roles Lots of language usage: puns, asides, soliloquies Lots of language usage: puns, asides, soliloquies

Shakespeare Wrote 37 Plays: Comedies: Comedies: Tragedies: Tragedies: Historicals: Historicals: Sonnets: Sonnets:

Comedies Although these plays did not always end up funny, each character usually got what they deserved, which the audience enjoyed. Although these plays did not always end up funny, each character usually got what they deserved, which the audience enjoyed. These plays contained a lot of dramatic and verbal irony throughout. These plays contained a lot of dramatic and verbal irony throughout. Most famous are “Midsummer Night’s Dream,” “Twelfth Night” Most famous are “Midsummer Night’s Dream,” “Twelfth Night”

Tragedies: These plays are some of the most famous: Romeo and Juliet, Macbeth, Hamlet, Julius Caesar. These plays are some of the most famous: Romeo and Juliet, Macbeth, Hamlet, Julius Caesar. A tragedy will have a tragic hero (or heroine) who has a tragic flaw that leads to their death. A tragedy will have a tragic hero (or heroine) who has a tragic flaw that leads to their death. Do not have a happy ending. Do not have a happy ending. Most famous “Romeo and Juliet,” “Hamlet,” and “Julius Caesar” Most famous “Romeo and Juliet,” “Hamlet,” and “Julius Caesar”

Historical Plays Usually dealt with nobility and were based on actual historical events. Usually dealt with nobility and were based on actual historical events.

Dramatic Terms to Know Puns Puns Asides Asides Comic Relief Comic Relief Stage directions Stage directions Prologue Prologue Soliloquy Soliloquy Monologue Monologue

Puns The humorous use of a word in a way that suggests two or more interpretations The humorous use of a word in a way that suggests two or more interpretations The audience loved dirty jokes, so often times, these puns are vulgar in meaning The audience loved dirty jokes, so often times, these puns are vulgar in meaning

Aside Words spoken by an actor directly to the audience, which are not "heard" by the other characters on stage during a play. Words spoken by an actor directly to the audience, which are not "heard" by the other characters on stage during a play.

Comic Relief A comic scene to interrupt dramatic moments A comic scene to interrupt dramatic moments Often portrayed with a “clown” Often portrayed with a “clown” In Romeo and Juliet, servants/nurses all do the comic relief In Romeo and Juliet, servants/nurses all do the comic relief

Stage Directions Directions that explain what the actor should do as he/she speaks the lines Directions that explain what the actor should do as he/she speaks the lines In italics intermixed with the dialogue In italics intermixed with the dialogue

Prologue Prologue- an introductory speech that an actor will give before the play, typically explains what will happen in the play. Prologue- an introductory speech that an actor will give before the play, typically explains what will happen in the play.

Soliloquy/Monologue These are often confused These are often confused Soliloquy- Speech meant to be heard by audience, but not by other characters, represents “thinking aloud” of characters. Soliloquy- Speech meant to be heard by audience, but not by other characters, represents “thinking aloud” of characters. Monologue- A speech by a single character, usually onstage alone. Monologue- A speech by a single character, usually onstage alone.

Clarifications Aside: Words spoken by an actor directly to the audience, which are not "heard" by the other characters on stage during a play. Aside: Words spoken by an actor directly to the audience, which are not "heard" by the other characters on stage during a play. Soliloquy: Speech meant to be heard by audience, but not by other characters, represents “thinking aloud” of characters. Soliloquy: Speech meant to be heard by audience, but not by other characters, represents “thinking aloud” of characters. Monologue: A speech by a single character, usually onstage alone Monologue: A speech by a single character, usually onstage alone

How To Read Shakespeare Iambic meter- each unstressed syllable is followed by an stressed Iambic meter- each unstressed syllable is followed by an stressed Ex: prefer, review Ex: prefer, review Iambic pentameter- five meters per line Iambic pentameter- five meters per line Ex: “But soft, what light through yonder window breaks?” –R & J Ex: “But soft, what light through yonder window breaks?” –R & J

How to Read Shakespeare Cont. End-stopped line: punctuation at its end End-stopped line: punctuation at its end Run-on line: no punctuation at its end Run-on line: no punctuation at its end Practice page 895 in book Practice page 895 in book Prologue- page 901- find 5 examples of iambic pentameter as we read Prologue- page 901- find 5 examples of iambic pentameter as we read

Why Shakespeare? His plays are still very popular His plays are still very popular His characters seem like real people His characters seem like real people He understood human psychology and could relate to people’s feelings. He understood human psychology and could relate to people’s feelings. He explores human nature—shows us love, jealousy, hate He explores human nature—shows us love, jealousy, hate He examines problems of life He examines problems of life

Today You can still see Shakespeare’s plays live all over the world. You can still see Shakespeare’s plays live all over the world. Shakespeare plays have mostly been turned into films. Shakespeare plays have mostly been turned into films. Can read about Shakespeare—nearly every high school student will be exposed to Shakespearean plays throughout their high school education. Can read about Shakespeare—nearly every high school student will be exposed to Shakespearean plays throughout their high school education.

Tragic Hero Often someone of noble birth Often someone of noble birth Hero is faced with a serious decision Hero is faced with a serious decision Own actions lead to downfall Own actions lead to downfall Audience usually pities the hero Audience usually pities the hero Fate plays a role since typically hero has a “chance” to fix mistake Fate plays a role since typically hero has a “chance” to fix mistake Will have a tragic flaw Will have a tragic flaw Almost always male Almost always male ALWAYS dies, but death will have meaning ALWAYS dies, but death will have meaning

Shakespeare vs. Greek Drama For HW, make a T chart comparing and constrasting: For HW, make a T chart comparing and constrasting: Greek drama to Shakespearean drama Greek drama to Shakespearean drama Greek tragic hero to Shakespearean tragic hero Greek tragic hero to Shakespearean tragic hero