 EACH STUDENT WILL PICK A NUMBER  THE NUMBER WILL BE YOUR CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENT  YOU ARE TO ILLUSTRATE THE AMENDMENT USING A PIECE OF COMPUTER PAPER AND COLORING PENCILS OR MARKERS  YOU MAY USE PICTURES IF YOU ARE NOT A GOOD ARTIST  DO NOT WRITE YOUR AMENDMENT ON THE FRONT OF YOUR PROJECT

Why It Matters The first 10 amendments of the United States Constitution guarantees certain basic rights to all Americans. The most important is freedom of speech

Important purposes of government—protecting individual rights and providing safety. Bill of Rights protects our civil liberties The freedoms we have to think and act without government interference or fear of unfairness Freedom of religion Freedom of speech Freedom of the press Freedom of assembly Freedom of petition the government Each of us can develop our own beliefs, express ourselves freely, meet openly with others, have our view on public matters heard by those who govern.

Prohibits Congress from establishing an official religion in the United States Americans freedom to practice a faith of their wish Government can’t favor one religion over another Government can’t treat people differently because of their personal beliefs

Free to say what is on our minds in public or private, without fear of punishment Face-to-face discussions Telephone conversations Lectures Radio Television Interpreted by Supreme Court “speech” Internet Communication Art Music Clothing Tinker v. Des Moines School District—p796

Bill of Rights – printed publications Books Newspapers Magazines Today Radio Television Computer networks Government can’t practice censorship Can’t ban printed material or films merely because the contain alarming or offensive ideas Can’t censor information before it is published or broadcast

John Peter Zenger Publisher – 1733 New-York Weekly Journal Arrested and imprisoned criticizing the governor of New York Argued only a press free to criticize the government could prevent that government from abusing its power Acquitted The mass media- radio, newspaper, magazines, TV, internet- are not totally free of government regulations Laws prohibit printing and distribution of obscene materials

Protects our right to gather in groups for any reason Has to be peaceful Right to attend meeting, parades, political rallies, public celebrations Government provide rules about when and where— but can not ban them Our rights to form and join social clubs, political parties, labor unions, etc

Citizens right to petition the government A formal request A brief statement signed by 100’s or 1000’s Letter or The right to express one’s ideas to the government Community building Elected representatives

Freedom of Speech does not include the right to endanger the government or Americans No freedom to provoke a riot or other violent behaviors Not free to speak or write in a way that immediately leads to criminal activities or efforts to overthrow government by force Can not interfere rights of others: You are free to talk with friends in the street—can’t block traffic May campaign for causes—may not disturb neighbors with blaring loudspeaker broadcasts May criticize government officials—can’t spread lies that harm a person’s reputation Slander—spreading lies—is a crime—if spoken Libel—if printed First Amendment never intended to allow citizens to do whatever they please, but where there is conflict the rights of the community comes first

LIBEL

Freedom of Assembly Freedom to Petition

Religion Speech The Press Assembly Petition the Government

Other Guarantees in the Bill of Rights

The First Amendment to the Constitution protects five basic freedoms. Name Them

Freedom of Religion Freedom of Speech Freedom of the Press Freedom of Assembly Freedom to Petition

Fourth Amendment Fifth Amendment Sixth Amendment Eight Amendment

Against unreasonable search and seizures Soldiers, government agent or police search your home or take property without good cause Any crime committed Judge can issue a search warrant

Amendment 4 ( I V ) Jay-Z (jay-z has 4 letters) OR 4 (JAY-Z) before 5 (50 cent)

I heard "Son do you know why I'm stoppin' you for?" Cause I'm young and I'm black and my hats real low? Do I look like a mind reader sir, I don't know Am I under arrest or should I guess some mo'? "Well you was doin fifty-five in a fifty-fo' " "License, registration and step out of the car" "Are you carryin' a weapon on you I know a lot of you are" I ain't steppin out…all my paper's legit "Well, do you mind if I look round the car a little bit?" Well my glove compartment is locked so is the trunk in the back And I know my rights so you goin' need a warrant for that "Aren't you sharp as a tack, you some type of lawyer or.. somebody important or somethin'?" Nah, I ain't pass the bar but I know a little bit Enough that you won't illegally search my ride! The 99 PROBLEMS LYRICS are the property of the respective authors, artists and labels, the lyrics are provided for educational purposes only.

No trial without indictment Right to grand jury Double jeopardy-accused of a crime/found not guilty/can’t be trial again Right to remain silent Can’t be forced to testify against self Can’t be denied life, liberty, or property “without due process of law” Protect citizens’ property rights by limiting government’s power of eminent domain Government take private property for public use Protect the rights of people accused of crimes

Amendment 5 (V) 1. Due Process 2. I plead the 5 th ! (don’t self incriminate…yourself?) 3. Double Jeopardy 4. Grand Jury 5. Eminent Domain (house) I “due” what I gotta “due” in my house, you don’t have to say a word so hush your mouth…it’s grand to know that peers will decide and you will only be in jeopardy once for that crime…

Additional due process Told the exact natural of crime Guarantee trial by jury—can ask to be tried only by judge Right to speedy and public trial if request a jury Possible trial should be in same district crime took place Accused have the right to hear and question all witnesses Permitted to call witness in their defense Entitled to a lawyer Can’t afford a lawyer, one will be provided

Amendment 6 (V+I)= VI 666 Think something bad Even “bad" criminal people will get a right to a trial by jury (criminal cases only)

Forbids excessive bail Forbids excessive fines Forbids cruel and unusual punishment L ife for stealing a loaf of bread People strongly disagree death penalty for serious crimes is cruel

Amendment 8 (VIII) I “8” nothing Number 8 looks like a paddle No cruel and unusual punishments! This includes excessive bails and fines Guess what looks like an 8 too: $

Second Amendment Third Amendment Seventh Amendment Ninth Amendment Tenth Amendment

Amendment 2 (II) Keep and bear arms/weapons How many bare arms do you see? “WOW! I SEE 2 BARE ARMS!”

In peace time—no soldiers can move into private homes In time of war—practice must be authorized by Congress

Amendment 3 (III) Think: “3” Little PIGS!…You don’t have to let anyone in! Go ahead huff and puff!

Civil cases Lawsuits involve disagreements between people Guarantee the right to a jury Money involved >$20 Don’t require a jury trial

Amendment 7 (VII) 7 rhymes with heaven Not criminal cases but civil You get a jury trial!

Right to privacy Homes Confidentiality of medical and financial records Freedom from government interference in personal choices Friends, family, and careers

Amendment 9 (10 is X so…1 - X) IX In case we forgot any… 9 rhymes with “mine” Rights given to the people…us!

Certain powers of the national and state government Prevents Congress and President from being too strong Government of the United States have only the powers the people give

Amendment 10 (X) Not for us, but for the states!

E XTENDING THE BILL OF RIGHTS P ROTECTING ALL A MERICANS Thirteenth Amendment Fourteenth Amendment Fifteenth Amendment Seventeenth Amendment Nineteenth Amendment Twenty-Third Amendment Twenty-Fourth Amendment Twenty-Sixth Amendment

T HIRTEENTH A MENDMENT 1865 Abolished slavery and authorized Congress to pass legislation implementing its abolition

A MENDMENT 13 (XIII) 13 is an unlucky number Being a slave was not good  Think slavery! Abolished it!

F OURTEENTH A MENDMENT 1868 Born or naturalized in United States—include most African Americans Everyone is equal

A MENDMENT 14 (XIV) 1 (one) 4 (four) ALL! We are all equal under the law! **HUGE!!!! Anytime one is not being treated equally…. Cite the 14 th ! Connect to 5 th too! (open your hand!)

F IFTEENTH A MENDMENT 1870 No state may take away a person’s voting rights based on race, color, or previous enslavement Suffrage—the right to vote—to African Americans Only men could vote

A MENDMENT 15 (XV) African American suffrage Guess what? African American has 15 letters! 13, 14 and 15 go together!

S EVENTEENTH A MENDMENT 1913 Allow voters to elect their senators directly Gave Americans a greater voice in their government

A MENDMENT 17 (XVII) Now we get to elect senators! “Senate-teen”

N INETEENTH A MENDMENT 1920 Protected the right of women to vote Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth C. Stanton Wyoming—women--1869

A MENDMENT 19 (XIX) What age do women look the best? Nineteen!

T WENTY - THIRD A MENDMENT 1961 Residents of the capital could vote President and Vice- President

A MENDMENT 23 (XXIII) People in DC love 23! Or, MJ’s number He last played for the…

T WENTY -F OURTH A MENDMENT 1964 Poll taxes-voters paid a sum of money to vote Poor whites and African American could not afford the tax Made poll taxes illegal

A MENDMENT 24 (XXIV) No poll taxes! 2 vote 4 free

T WENTY -S IX A MENDMENT 1971 Guaranteed the voting age to 18

A MENDMENT 2(XXVI) 18 year olds get suffrage! = 8teen year olds

The Civil Rights Struggle August 23, 1963 Washington, D.C.

Background of the Struggle After Civil War African Americans faced discrimination Unfair treatment based on prejudice Barred from attending white schools Ride back of buses Sit in separate sections restaurants and theaters Stay in separate hotels Use separate public restrooms and water fountains

Background of the Struggle Segregation—social separation of the races North—better lives—could vote After 100 year – secure civil rights- rights of full citizenship and equality NAACP President Harry Truman – 1948 – end segregation in armed forces Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas, 1954 Racial segregation in public schools unconstitutional Violated 14 th Amendment

Background of the Struggle 1950s – Baptist minister – Dr. Martin L. King Leader of Civil Rights Movements Non-violent resistance 1963 “I Have a Dream” Hopes of racial equality and harmony Civil Rights Act of 1964 Prohibited discrimination in public facilities, employment, education, voter registration Voting Rights Acts of 1965 – protect the free access of minorities to the polls

Montgomery Bus Boycott 1955 Rosa Parks Arrested Refused seat to white man Montgomery, Alabama Boycott Supreme Court Public bus segregation unconstitutional