Wake-up Which macromolecule functions in short term energy and structure? Explain the difference between Benedict’s and Biuret’s.

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Presentation transcript:

Wake-up Which macromolecule functions in short term energy and structure? Explain the difference between Benedict’s and Biuret’s.

Enzymes Christopherson

Chemical Reaction Reactants Products Occurs when bonds are broken or formed to create a new substance Reactants Products

Metabolism Sum of all chemical reactions in living things

Cell regulate chemical reactions through the use of proteins called ENZYMES

Characteristics of Enzymes #1 Enzymes are BIOLOGICAL CATALYSTS WHAT??????

Catalysts speed up chemical reactions What is a Catalyst? Catalysts speed up chemical reactions Ex: What do you do to help sugar dissolve faster in tea?

Example of Enzymes as Catalysts

Enzymes and Reactions

Characteristics of Enzymes #2 Enzymes are site specific One enzyme = One job

How Enzymes Work*

What does this have to do with ME????? Who cares about enzymes?

Lactose is a Disaccharide (2 sugars) found in milk

Lactase is an enzyme that breaks down lactose

What does lactose get broken down into by lactase?

Fill in the following terms into the enzyme diagram below: Lactase Glucose Lactose Galactose

What’s happening in us?

What is Lactose Intolerance? Lactase is not present to break down the lactose. The sugar just builds up inside.

What’s happening in us?

Effects of Lactose Intolerance* Bloating, Pain/Cramps in Belly, Noise in Belly, Gas, Diarrhea

Lactose Intolerance Worldwide

Lactose Intolerance in Ethnic Groups

What to do if you are Lactose Intolerant?

Wake-up Identify A, B, C, D, and E using the following terms: product, enzyme, substrate, enzyme-substrate complex Explain a Biological Catalyst.

Environmental Effects on Enzymes Temperature* High Temperatures can denature enzymes Denature means lose shape (active site).

Environmental Effects on Enzymes Temperature Low Temperatures cause enzymes to move slowly Decreasing enzyme activity

Environmental Effects on Enzymes pH Dramatic changes in the pH of a solution can denature an enzyme Decreasing enzyme activity

Digestion Nerves Digestion Papaya’s

H2O2 H2O + O2 Liver Lab: Formula Hydrogen peroxide Water Oxygen Catalase: Liver H2O2 H2O + O2 Hydrogen peroxide Water Oxygen

Label the following in diagram

What will happen when Hydrogen Peroxide is added to Liver?