©2011 Rainforest Alliance CCB STANDARDS: Introduction Climate, Community and Biodiversity Alliance In-depth training

RAINFOREST ALLIANCE Countries 35,000+ Members Founding FSC member and world’s largest certifier Hosts the Sustainable Agriculture Network Secretariat The Rainforest Alliance works to conserve biodiversity and ensure sustainable livelihoods by transforming land-use practices, business practices and consumer behavior

AUDITING EXPERIENCE Founded in 1986 (SmartWood launched 1989) Over two decades experience in forest auditing Seven years auditing to carbon/climate standards Accredited ISO validation/verification body (VVB) to voluntary carbon market standards 3

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Materials prepared for Rainforest Alliance by: Jenny Henman and Leo Peskett Climate Adapt Ltd London, UK Photographs should not be used without consent. 4 © J.Henman

1. Overview of the Climate, Community and Biodiversity (CCB) Standards, including uses and evaluation 2. Course overview, setting out the objectives of the course and how to navigate the training 1. Overview of the Climate, Community and Biodiversity (CCB) Standards, including uses and evaluation 2. Course overview, setting out the objectives of the course and how to navigate the training AIM OF THE INTRODUCTION MODULE 5 Course Overview Standards Overview

INTRODUCTION TO THE CCB STANDARDS The Climate, Community and Biodiversity (CCB) Standards were created to foster the development and marketing of projects that deliver credible and significant climate, community and biodiversity benefits in an integrated, sustainable manner. CCB Standards, 2008, Second Edition 6 “ ” © J.Henman Standards Overview Introduction

THE VOLUNTARY CARBON STANDARD LANDSCAPE 7 The main standards

hh hh hh THE VOLUNTARY CARBON STANDARD LANDSCAPE 8 Issue VERs (verified emission reductions)

hh THE VOLUNTARY CARBON STANDARD LANDSCAPE 9 Issue VERs ex-ante: before project starts

hh hh THE VOLUNTARY CARBON STANDARD LANDSCAPE 10 CDM Issue VERs ex-post: after verification

THE VOLUNTARY CARBON STANDARD LANDSCAPE 11 CDM Limited project types allowed

THE VOLUNTARY CARBON STANDARD LANDSCAPE 12 Regionally Specific

THE VOLUNTARY CARBON STANDARD LANDSCAPE 13 Includes biodiversity and/or community benefits

CCB STANDARDS 14 Allows a broad range of project types Projects can be anywhere in the world Projects can be of any size Projects can have any start date Introduction Standards Overview

APPLICABLE PROJECT TYPES The CCB Standards can be applied to all-land based activities that generate GHG emissions. These include… 15 Agroforestry Improved Forest Management Avoided Deforestation Agricultural Land Management Reforestation © J.Henman What other activities might be eligible under the CCB Standards?

CCB STANDARDS AND CARBON ACCOUNTING CCB Standards is not a carbon accounting standard – VERs are not issued under the CCB Standards Project must demonstrate net reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions Project must follow best practice in GHG quantification – For example, IPCC guidelines or other approved methodologies The CCB Standards may be used with other carbon accounting standards Credits from projects that are verified to CCB Standards as well as a carbon accounting standard can be tagged with a CCB label 16 Standards Overview Introduction CDM

THE ROLE OF CCB STANDARDS 17 “The standard identifies land-based projects that are designed to deliver robust and credible greenhouse gas reductions while also delivering net positive benefits to local communities and biodiversity” It has 2 main roles: Project Design Standard Multiple Benefit Standard Introduction Standards Overview

DEVELOPMENT OF THE CCB STANDARDS Two year rigorous consultative process to develop CCB Standards Field testing of Standards in Asia, Africa, Europe and the Americas Peer review by three leading forestry research centers: CATIE, CIFOR and ICRAF 1 st edition released in May 2005 Updating of the standards through a ‘Standards Committee’, and incorporating public comment and feedback 2 nd edition released in December 2008 Released the ‘ The rules for the use of the CCB Standards’ in June Standards Overview Introduction

CURRENT MEMBERS OF THE CLIMATE, COMMUNITY AND BIODIVERSITY ALLIANCE 19 Standards Overview Introduction

COMPOSITION OF THE CCB STANDARDS 2ND EDITION 20 Standards Overview Introduction

COMPOSITION OF THE REDD+ SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS Principle 1: Rights to land, territories and resources are recognized and respected Principle 2: Equitable benefit sharing among right holders and stakeholders Principle 3: Long term livelihood security and well-being improvement for Indigenous Peoples and local communities Principle 4: Contribution to good governance, to broader sustainable development, and to social justice Principle 5: Biodiversity and ecosystem services are maintained and enhanced Principle 6: Full and effective Participation of all relevant right holders and stakeholders in the program Principle 8: Compliance with applicable local and national laws and international treaties, conventions and other instruments 21 Standards Overview Introduction

USERS OF THE CCB STANDARDS Project developers Investors Governments 22 © J.Henman Standards Overview Uses Why?

USERS OF THE CCB STANDARDS Project developers – Guide to develop multi- benefit standard – Demonstrate benefits to investors – They document the project in their ‘Project Design Document’ (PDD, or PD) 23 © J.Henman Standards Overview Uses Because…..

USERS OF THE CCB STANDARDS Investors and offset buyers – As a screen for projects – Identify projects that have reduced risks by incorporating environmental and social factors into design 24 © J.Henman Standards Overview Uses Because…..

USERS OF THE CCB STANDARDS Governments – To ensure projects contribute to development goals Donor governments – To identify Overseas Development Assistance (ODA) projects that satisfy multiple international obligations 25 © J.Henman Standards Overview Uses Because…..

The Climate, Community and Biodiversity Alliance has set the following qualifications for auditors: ‘Designated Operational Entity’ for A/R under the CDM Accredited as a certification body for sustainable forestry management under the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) in the geographical area of the project Accredited under ISO 14065: 2007 with an accreditation scope specifically for the Verified Carbon Standard ( VCS) Program covering Agriculture, Forestry or other Land Use (AFOLU) The Climate, Community and Biodiversity Alliance has set the following qualifications for auditors: ‘Designated Operational Entity’ for A/R under the CDM Accredited as a certification body for sustainable forestry management under the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) in the geographical area of the project Accredited under ISO 14065: 2007 with an accreditation scope specifically for the Verified Carbon Standard ( VCS) Program covering Agriculture, Forestry or other Land Use (AFOLU) AUDIT PROCESS: WHO CAN AUDIT A PROJECT? 26 See CCBA website for a list of accredited auditorslist of accredited auditors Standards Overview Evaluation to the CCB Standards

VALIDATION: The audit of the forest carbon project’s plan (its Project Design Document – PDD) Forward-looking Validation covers project elements including… – Predicted impacts in the with and without project scenario – Proposed quantification methodologies and monitoring protocols Typically, happens only one time – Projects validated against the 1 st Edition of the Standards must be validated again before verification to be brought in line with the requirements of the 2 nd Edition – Changes in the project area, scope, etc. may also necessitate a new validation 27 STAGES OF EVALUATION: VALIDATION Standards Overview Evaluation to the CCB Standards

STAGES OF EVALUATION: VERIFICATION VERIFICATION: the process of confirming whether a statement about actual circumstances or past performance is true and correct. Only statements about actual performance, events or circumstances can be verified. Verification is based on an evaluation of a Project Implementation Report The verification should follow the monitoring plan detailed in the PDD Projects verified to the CCB Standards may be verified at any point after measurable climate, community and biodiversity impacts have occurred – Verified within five years of the last validation or verification 28 Standards Overview Evaluation to the CCB Standards

The CCBA has produced a number of official publications in addition to the Standards themselves: Rules for the use of the Climate, Community and Biodiversity Standards Policy announcements are released periodically to clarify interpretation of the criteria or rules Auditor qualifications and approved auditor list The CCBA has produced a number of official publications in addition to the Standards themselves: Rules for the use of the Climate, Community and Biodiversity Standards Policy announcements are released periodically to clarify interpretation of the criteria or rules Auditor qualifications and approved auditor list RELEVANT CCBA PUBLICATIONS 29 Standards Overview Evaluation to the CCB Standards

30 Standards Overview Validated Projects

Standards Overview Validated Projects

According to the 2010 Forest Carbon Offsetting Report: The most important factor for buyers of forest carbon credits was certification under a recognized standard There was a particular interest in the CCB Standards combined with another carbon accounting standard There was a willingness to pay a price premium for the additional CCB Standard certification According to the 2010 Forest Carbon Offsetting Report: The most important factor for buyers of forest carbon credits was certification under a recognized standard There was a particular interest in the CCB Standards combined with another carbon accounting standard There was a willingness to pay a price premium for the additional CCB Standard certification CCB STANDARDS MARKET UPTAKE 32 Standards Overview Market Uptake

Enable auditors to evaluate a project against the CCB Standard, including what evidence to look for Give project developers and assistance providers detailed insight into how auditors evaluate the criteria of the CCB Standards Enable auditors to evaluate a project against the CCB Standard, including what evidence to look for Give project developers and assistance providers detailed insight into how auditors evaluate the criteria of the CCB Standards OUR OBJECTIVES IN THIS COURSE 33 © J.Henman Course Overview

The training is divided into a series of modules each of which involves presentations, examples from project design documents of projects that have been validated to the CCB Standards, and short exercises. Module 1: Introduction and Overview Module 2: General Criteria Module 3: Climate Module 4: Community Module 5: Biodiversity The training is divided into a series of modules each of which involves presentations, examples from project design documents of projects that have been validated to the CCB Standards, and short exercises. Module 1: Introduction and Overview Module 2: General Criteria Module 3: Climate Module 4: Community Module 5: Biodiversity HOW TO NAVIGATE THE TRAINING (1 OF 2) 34 Course Overview

HOW TO NAVIGATE THE TRAINING (2 OF 2) Each of the climate, community and biodiversity modules: – Explains basic concepts or requirements – Describes techniques and tools for quantifying climate, community and biodiversity impacts – Identifies possible ‘troubleshooting’ areas where auditors need to be particularly careful in their assessment of information and where developers should take extra care 35 © J.Henman Course Overview

Things to Watch Out For ICONS TO LOOK OUT FOR IN THE TRAINING 36 ! Useful Publication Exercise Gold Level Tip Course Overview

PHOTO COPYRIGHT AND RE-USE 37 All photos are copyright to Jenny Henman and/or Leo Peskett Written permission is required for re-use of photos outside of these training materials from Jenny Henman Any re-use must acknowledge on the photo Jenny Henman and/or Leo Peskett as per the current copyright © J.Henman