ATHIAS,L. 2011 1 MDG data disaggregation by ethnic group Brazil Session 3: Localizing MDG monitoring Panel 3.1 Localizing the MDGs October 20, 2011 Leonardo.

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ATHIAS,L MDG data disaggregation by ethnic group Brazil Session 3: Localizing MDG monitoring Panel 3.1 Localizing the MDGs October 20, 2011 Leonardo Athias Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics International Conference on MDG Statistics Manila, Philippines, Oct 2011

ATHIAS,L Contents Important data about Brazil MDG monitoring in Brazil IBGE and ethnic classification Issues about racial investigation in Brazil Racial inequalities regarding MDGs Inequalities and policies Ethnic classification: harmonization, coverage and challenges Ethnic classification: next steps

ATHIAS,L Federation of 27 states million Km million inhabitants (2010 Census) - 84% urban - 48% white population - Established statistical system - NSO - High human development... Important data about Brazil HDR 2010 p. 149

ATHIAS,L Federation of 27 states million Km million inhabitants (2010 Census) - 84% urban - 48% white population - Established statistical system - NSO - High human development but high levels of inequality as well HDR 2010 p.153 Important data about Brazil

ATHIAS,L st nd rd th nd MDG monitoring in Brazil - Reports - Gender - Race - Regions - Southeast - Northeast - Urban and Rural areas - 5 ths of income - Inequalities tracking

ATHIAS,L MDG Thematic Series “Race and gender inequalities” UNDP Publication “Racial Atlas” - MDG related publications regarding ethnicity MDG monitoring in Brazil

ATHIAS,L Proposition: Durban / MDG / DevInfo Seven Themes 1- demography 2- health and access to services 3- reproductive health 4- family and household 5- education 6- work and income 7- unemployment and pension coverage UNDP Publication “Racial Atlas” - MDG related publications regarding ethnicity MDG monitoring in Brazil

ATHIAS,L IBGE and ethnic classification - IBGE - Brazilian Institute for Geography and Statistics - IBGE coordinates the national statistical system and provide official statistics to MDG monitoring

ATHIAS,L IBGE and ethnic classification - IBGE - Brazilian Institute for Geography and Statistics - IBGE coordinates the national statistical system and provide official statistics to MDG monitoring - Brazil investigates race and ethnicity since its first census (1872) - Racial categories in censuses have been basically the same - Interruptions: 1930s, 1970s - Self-classification - Categories since 1991: - White (‘Branca’) - Black (‘Preta’) - Brown (‘Parda’) - Yellow (‘Amarela’) - Indigenous (‘Indígena’)

ATHIAS,L IBGE and ethnic classification - IBGE - Brazilian Institute for Geography and Statistics - IBGE coordinates the national statistical system and provide official statistics to MDG monitoring - Brazil investigates race and ethnicity since its first census (1872) - Racial categories in censuses have been basically the same - Interruptions: 1930s, 1970s - Self-classification - Categories since 1991: - White (‘Branca’) - Black (‘Preta’) - Brown (‘Parda’) - Yellow (‘Amarela’) - Indigenous (‘Indígena’)

ATHIAS,L The complex racial investigation in Brazil - Racial continuum - Absence of legal segregation - Studies show that differences are not only due to starting point Issues about racial investigation in Brazil

ATHIAS,L To investigate racial inequalities, it is usual to add blacks + mulattos/brown - Main arguments: - Statistical consistency - Similarities of social indicators within the ‘non-white’ population Issues about racial investigation in Brazil 1 st Brazilian MDG Report (2004)IBGE - Social Indicator Synthesis (2010)

ATHIAS,L Inequalities and policies - Education inequalities - Effect of universal policies - Direction towards professional education - Few specific racial policies Source: 1 st Brazilian MDG Report - English version (2004)

ATHIAS,L Inequalities and policies Population under US$ PPC 1,25 per day according to race -Brazil / Income inequalities - Policies of conditional cash transfer Source: 4 th Brazilian MDG Report (2010)

ATHIAS,L Ethnic classif.: harmonization and coverage challenges - Same classification in all IBGE Household surveys - Difference with other administrative records / surveys “preta” - “negra” - Vital statistics - absence of data on race - E.g. child mortality: 13% registers without information on race (2008) - Administrative registers - Indirect: classification of members of parliament

ATHIAS,L Social Statistics Committee (since 2008) - Forum - Metadata - Better classifications / comparability - Survey on racial classification Insert in 2012 the investigation in a module with national coverage Ethnic classification: next steps

ATHIAS,L IBGE Social Statistics Committee (in Portuguese) Survey on racial classification 2008 (in Portuguese) sualiza.php?id_noticia=1933&id_pagina=1