Matter

Matter PA Standards PA Standards C: Inquiry and Design C: Inquiry and Design A: Physical Science, Chemistry, and Physics A: Physical Science, Chemistry, and Physics A: Physical Science, Chemistry, and Physics A: Physical Science, Chemistry, and Physics Apply the elements of scientific inquiry to solve multi-step problems. Apply the elements of scientific inquiry to solve multi-step problems. Explain concepts about the structure and properties of matter. Explain concepts about the structure and properties of matter. Apply concepts about the structure and properties of matter. Apply concepts about the structure and properties of matter.

Objectives Explain physical change, and give examples of physical change. Explain physical change, and give examples of physical change. Explain chemical change, and give examples of chemical changes. Explain chemical change, and give examples of chemical changes. Compare and contrast physical and chemical changes. Compare and contrast physical and chemical changes. Describe how to detect whether a chemical change has occurred. Describe how to detect whether a chemical change has occurred.

Activity Complete the “Separating a Mixture” Lab. Complete the “Separating a Mixture” Lab.

Explain physical change, and give examples of physical change.

Physical Changes Physical change a change of matter from one form to another without a change in chemical properties Physical change a change of matter from one form to another without a change in chemical properties

Physical Changes, continued Dissolving is a physical change. Dissolving is a physical change. When a substance dissolves, the molecules of the substance do not change. When a substance dissolves, the molecules of the substance do not change.

Physical Changes, continued Mixtures can be physically separated. Mixtures can be physically separated. Because mixtures are not chemically combined, each component of the mixture has the same chemical makeup it had before the mixture was formed. Because mixtures are not chemically combined, each component of the mixture has the same chemical makeup it had before the mixture was formed.

Separating Mixtures

Explain chemical change, and give examples of chemical changes.

Chemical Changes Chemical change a change that occurs when a substance changes composition by forming one or more new substances Chemical change a change that occurs when a substance changes composition by forming one or more new substances

Chemical Changes, continued Chemical changes form new substances that have different properties. Chemical changes form new substances that have different properties.

Chemical Changes, continued Chemical changes can be detected. Chemical changes can be detected. Changes in physical properties can be an indication of a chemical change. Changes in physical properties can be an indication of a chemical change. Examples include: Know these! Examples include: Know these! change of color change of color change of smell change of smell fizzing fizzing production of heat production of heat production of sound production of sound production of light production of light

Chemical Changes, continued Chemical changes cannot be reversed by physical changes. Chemical changes cannot be reversed by physical changes. Because new substances are formed in a chemical change, the change cannot be reversed by using physical changes. Because new substances are formed in a chemical change, the change cannot be reversed by using physical changes. Many chemical changes are impossible to reverse, for example it is impossible to “ unbake ” a cake. Many chemical changes are impossible to reverse, for example it is impossible to “ unbake ” a cake.

Chemical Changes, continued Compounds can be broken down through chemical changes. Compounds can be broken down through chemical changes. Some compounds undergo chemical changes to form elements, others break down to form simpler substances. Some compounds undergo chemical changes to form elements, others break down to form simpler substances.

Compare and contrast physical and chemical changes.

Comparing Physical and Chemical Changes

Describe how to detect whether a chemical change has occurred.

Activity Physical Properties of a Polymer Lab Physical Properties of a Polymer Lab

Thought Questions How is the property of density observed when farmers harvest ripe cranberries? How is the property of density observed when farmers harvest ripe cranberries? Describe how you would separate the components of a mixture of sugar and sand. Would your methods result in physical or chemical changes? Describe how you would separate the components of a mixture of sugar and sand. Would your methods result in physical or chemical changes? Classify the following as a chemical or physical change: Classify the following as a chemical or physical change: Sugar added to lemonade Sugar added to lemonade Plants using carbon dioxide and water to form oxygen and sugar Plants using carbon dioxide and water to form oxygen and sugar Water boiling Water boiling An egg frying An egg frying Rust forming on metal Rust forming on metal Fruit rotting Fruit rotting Salt being removed from water by evaporation Salt being removed from water by evaporation When wood is burned, new substances are produced. Describe this reaction, and explain what type of change occurs. Use the terms: When wood is burned, new substances are produced. Describe this reaction, and explain what type of change occurs. Use the terms: flammability, chemical property, physical change, and chemical change. flammability, chemical property, physical change, and chemical change.