Chapters 21.1/21.2/

 1a. Explain the short and long term effects of tobacco.  1e. Evaluate the impact that the use/abuse of tobacco has on families and communities.

According to the Surgeon General, tobacco use, particularly smoking, is the number 1 cause of preventable disease and death in the United States What does preventable mean?

 Smoking is responsible for 1 out of every 5 deaths.  Cigarette smoking kills more Americans than AIDS, alcohol, car accidents, murders, suicides, drugs, and fires combined!  Approximately 90% of all smokers start before age 18; the average age for a new smoker is 13.

 Addictive Drug – a substance that causes physiological and psychological dependence Physiological dependence -physically and chemically needing a substance Psychological dependence -mentally and emotionally needing a substance, negative coping mechanism

 Nicotine-the addictive drug found in tobacco leaves ◦ All tobacco products contain nicotine ◦ Nicotine contributes to plaque buildup in blood vessels, increasing your chance of arteriosclerosis. ◦ Stimulant – a drug that increases actions of the central nervous system, heart, and other organs

 Carcinogens – cancer causing substance  Tar – thick, sticky, dark fluid produced when tobacco burns ◦ Harmful to the lungs because it paralyzes cilia.  Carbon Monoxide – colorless, odorless, and poisonous gas ◦ When present in the blood, the body’s tissues and cells are deprived of oxygen!  SMOKE FROM BURNING TOBACCO IS TOXIC AND SMOKE (AND SECOND HAND SMOKE) IS CONSIDERED A GROUP A CARCINOGEN, THE MOST DANGEROUS CARCINOGEN!

 Smokeless Tobacco – sniffed through the nose, held in the mouth, or chewed  Leukoplakia – thick, white, leather spots on the inside of the mouth then can develop into oral cancer ◦ The mouth has sensitive tissues that are damaged easily  BECAUSE IT IS HELD IN THE MOUTH FOR A LENGTH OF TIME, THE AMOUNT OF NICOTINEN AND CARNINOGENS (28) AT 2-3X’S THE AMOUNT OF SMOKING TOBACCO

Which chemicals are you shocked to learn are in cigarettes?

Changes in Brain Chemistry Increased Respirations Increased Heart Rate Dulled taste buds Reduced appetite Bad breath Smelly hair Smelly clothes Smelly skin

Nervous System Addiction Increased risk of Stroke Outward Appearance Aging of skin Wrinkles Discoloration of skin

 Respiratory System ◦ Smoker’s Hack ◦ Emphysema – destroys tiny air sacs in the lungs, making breathing extremely difficult. ◦ Lung Cancer

Digestive System Cancer (mouth, throat) Cardiovascular System Increased blood pressure, heart attack, hardened arteries Excretory System Increased cancer risk of the bladder, kidneys

Quick Write  Do you think that graphic warning labels on cigarette packages will discourage teenagers from starting to smoke?  What about individuals who already smoke? Would these labels discourage them from smoking?

 1. Legal Consequence ◦ Tobacco use is illegal for anyone under the age of 18 in all states, 19 in the State of Utah, Alaska, and Alabama  Illegal to smoke inside in any establishment in what states? ◦ Cannot smoke within 25 ft of any air intake or door/window ◦ Have to smoke out in the cold ◦ Against the law to smoke in a car with a child

 2. Social Consequences ◦ Many find the smell of smoke offensive ◦ Smoke Breaks ◦ Housing

 3. Financial Consequence ◦ Someone who smokes a pack of cigarettes a day will spend more than $2,000/yr. Tax payers pay more than $97 Billion/Yr. in medical costs for tobacco users  What could you buy with $2,000.00?  97,000,000/Taxpayers = ?

Write down 3 Prevention Strategies!  1. Choose friends that don’t use tobacco  2. Avoid situations where tobacco may be used  3. Practice refusal skills ◦ Your refusal skill may be simple  “No thanks” ◦ Your refusal skill may need a reason  “No, I can’t. I need to stay fit and ready for my track meet.”

 Within 20 min – blood pressure and pulse rates drop. Body temp in limbs return to normal  Within 8 hrs – oxygen levels return to normal  In 24 hrs – chance of heart attack decreases  In 48 hrs – nerve endings begin to re-grow. Sense of taste and smell improves  In 3 days – breathing becomes easier as lung capacity increases  In 2 weeks to 3 months – lungs function up to 30% better  In 1 to 9 months – lung cilia re-grow, and coughing, sinus congestion, and shortness of breath decrease  In 1 year – coronary heart disease risk is cut in half  In 5 years – risk of cancers (lung, mouth, throat, esophagus) is reduced by 50%  In 10 years – risk of cancers (bladder, kidney, cervix, pancreas) decreases

 Nicotine Withdrawal – cravings and discomforts caused by the absence of the nicotine  Nicotine Substitute – products that deliver small amounts of nicotine into the users system to help them give up the tobacco habit ◦ Examples? It is important to avoid social triggers!

 Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS) – air that has been contaminated by tobacco smoke

Mainstream SmokeSidestream Smoke  Smoke exhaled from the lungs of a smoker  Smoke from the burning end of a cigarette, pipe, or cigar ◦ More dangerous than mainstream smoke because it has higher concentrations of carcinogens, nicotine, and tar.

Infants who’s parents smoke Children who’s parents smoke  Fetal growth and development  Miscarriages  Premature delivery  Low birth weight  Deformities  Still births  2.5 times more likely to die from SIDS  Asthma  Respiratory infections  2 times more likely to develop lung cancer  3 times more likely to take up the habit

 1a. Explain the short and long term effects of tobacco.  1e. Evaluate the impact that the use/abuse of tobacco has on families and communities.

AssignmentActivity  Chapter 21 Review ◦ Recalling the Facts #1-11 pg 558  The Smoke- Out Activity