 starter activity Each picture refers to a different model of representation. Can you guess which one? Choose 2 models you think are best and be prepared to explain your answer with evidence.

 starter activity Each picture refers to a different model of representation. Can you guess which one? Choose 2 models you think are best and be prepared to explain your answer with evidence. Trustee - Burke Party – mandate from manifesto Constituency – Go FSG! Delegate –e.g. ambassadors Descriptive /Functional

What electoral systems are used in the UK? TBAT explain 4 main electoral systems & key features of FPTP  Learning objectives  Key words: district magnitude majoritarian plurality PR mixed

 Your task Read Bennet, p and take notes on the 4 main electoral systems: Read Bennet, p and take notes on the 4 main electoral systems: Majoritarian Majoritarian Plurality Plurality Proportional Representation Proportional Representation Mixed Mixed  In a different colour begin to note down the problems with each system  In a different colour begin to note down the problems with each system

Electoral systems Majoritarian – absolute majority, e.g. London Mayor Majoritarian – absolute majority, e.g. London Mayor Plurality – e.g. FPTP Plurality – e.g. FPTP PR – seats in proportion to result, e.g. European elections PR – seats in proportion to result, e.g. European elections Mixed – elements of some/all above, e.g. AMS Mixed – elements of some/all above, e.g. AMS  Problems with these voting systems?

 Your task Read about FPTP in Bennett, p and complete the spider diagram chart your teacher provides. Read about FPTP in Bennett, p and complete the spider diagram chart your teacher provides.  With all its faults why do you think 68% of the electorate vote against electoral reform in the 2011 referendum on AV?  With all its faults why do you think 68% of the electorate vote against electoral reform in the 2011 referendum on AV?

Key characteristics Plurality system Plurality system Used for local & general elections Used for local & general elections 650 constituencies 650 constituencies Roughly 70,000 constituents Roughly 70,000 constituents

Two-party system Favours 2 main parties (Lab & Cons) Favours 2 main parties (Lab & Cons) Smaller parties disadvantaged, e.g. in 2010 Lib Dems won 57 seats with 23% whilst Lab won 258 seats with 29% Smaller parties disadvantaged, e.g. in 2010 Lib Dems won 57 seats with 23% whilst Lab won 258 seats with 29%

Winner’s bonus Landslide effect, e.g. Cons (1983 & 1987) & Lab (1997 & 2001) – 2001 Lab won 40% of vote but 413 of seats in Parliament Landslide effect, e.g. Cons (1983 & 1987) & Lab (1997 & 2001) – 2001 Lab won 40% of vote but 413 of seats in Parliament

Bias to Labour Differences in sizes of constituencies – Lab constituencies have fewer voters, so need smaller margin to win Differences in sizes of constituencies – Lab constituencies have fewer voters, so need smaller margin to win Differential turnout – turnout is lower in Lab seats, so fewer votes are cast for Lab Differential turnout – turnout is lower in Lab seats, so fewer votes are cast for Lab Tactical voting – anti-Conservative tactical voting is more common than anti-Labour Tactical voting – anti-Conservative tactical voting is more common than anti-Labour

Discrimination against smaller parties No rewards for coming second No rewards for coming second Votes are spread thinly across the country Votes are spread thinly across the country

Single Party Government Working majorities Working majorities Coalitions rare Coalitions rare 1974 Lab minority govt 1974 Lab minority govt 2010 Con-Dem Coalition 1 st since National Government of WWII 2010 Con-Dem Coalition 1 st since National Government of WWII

 Your task Read p and in your own words summarise the key advantages and disadvantages of FPTP as a ‘scales chart’ Read p and in your own words summarise the key advantages and disadvantages of FPTP as a ‘scales chart’  Lord Hailsham once said FPTP created an ‘elective dictatorship” Explain what he meant and whether you agree.  Lord Hailsham once said FPTP created an ‘elective dictatorship” Explain what he meant and whether you agree. Qintin Hogg, Lord Hailsham

This house believes that FPTP is unfair and needs to be abandoned in UK elections

 Homework Read the article on FPTP from Politics Review and answer the exam focus questions Read the article on FPTP from Politics Review and answer the exam focus questions Visit the BBC website and note down the reasons for the vote against AV in 2011 (use the film clips & links as well) Visit the BBC website and note down the reasons for the vote against AV in 2011 (use the film clips & links as well)

What electoral systems are used in the UK? TBAT explain 4 main electoral systems & key features of FPTP  Learning objectives  Key words: district magnitude majoritarian plurality PR mixed