Sulfur Cycle Ch 7 Part 6.

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University of Khartoum Institute of Environmental Sciences Dip/ M

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Presentation transcript:

Sulfur Cycle Ch 7 Part 6

Sulfur Cycle Describes the routes that sulfur atoms take though the environment “Sedimentary Cycle” Much of the sulfur is tied up in underground rocks & is primarily released through geological activity Its then used by plants (& subsequently animals) Sulfur is mostly taken up by plants as sulfate (SO42-) & used for amino acids. It is eventually redeposited into the ground. Has a gaseous phase b/c it is a non-metal So, it is faster than those cycles without a gaseous phase (ex. phosphorous)

Much of Earth’s sulfur is stored underground in rocks & minerals including sulfate (SO42-) salts buried deep under ocean sediments

Sulfur Cycle: How Does Sulfur Enter the Atmosphere? As hydrogen sulfide (H2S) Colorless, highly poisonous gas Rotten-egg smell During: volcanic eruptions (& hydrothermal vents) decomposition Anaerobic in swamps, bogs, tidal flats As sulfur dioxide (SO2) Colorless, suffocating gas Volcanic eruptions Burning fossil fuels As sulfate (SO42-) salts From sea-spray

The Sulfur Cycle Certain marine algae produce large amounts of volatile dimethyl sulfide (DMS or CH3SCH3) Serve as condensation nuclei for water droplets Can affect cloud cover & climate

Sulfur Dioxide in the Atmosphere Sulfur dioxide (SO2) reacts with oxygen to produce sulfur trioxide (SO3) gas Reacts with water vapor to make H2SO4 (a weak sulfuric acid) which is then carried to Earth in rainfall (acid deposition) Harms trees & aquatic life

Human Effects on the Sulfur Cycle 1/3 of all sulfur released is due to human activity Add sulfur dioxide to atmosphere by: Burning coal and oil Produces sulfuric acid Refining sulfur-containing petroleum Mining & converting sulfur-containing metallic ores into free metals copper, lead, & zinc

Acidic fog and precipitation The Sulfur Cycle Water Ammonia Sulfur trioxide Sulfuric acid Acidic fog and precipitation Ammonium sulfate Oxygen Sulfur dioxide Hydrogen sulfide Plants Volcano Dimethyl sulfide Animals Industries Ocean Sulfate salts Metallic Sulfide deposits Decaying matter Sulfur Hydrogen sulfide Fig. 3-30, p. 60