Title: Campaign for the Legislative and Policy Review of Wildlife Management in Zambia “Reducing Human Wildlife Conflict is reducing poverty holistically ” Susan SIAMUNDELE Zambia Wildlife Authority ZAMBIA

Outline of the Presentation  Background  Human Wildlife Conflict Impacts  Opportunity for Change  Need for Legislative and Policy Change  Law and Policy to Change  Situational Analysis  Advocacy Strategy  Key Activities  Core Message for the campaign  Target Audience  Monitoring and Evaluation  Conclusion

Background  Brief description of Zambia Wildlife Authority Established in 1999 by Act of Parliament, mandate & challenge of Human Wildlife Conflict  Human-Wildlife Conflict as multi-dimensional growing global wildlife conservation challenge  Shrinking wildlife habitats especially that of elephant and expanding human populations mean people increasingly come in contact with animals.  Wild animal can be dangerous to humans, and can devastate crops and property such as buildings.  Average yearly statistics: 50 people in Zambia are reported killed by elephants, hippos and crocodiles ; 100 elephants are killed by farmers, 300 people killed by crocodiles per year nationwide (FAO, 2005), In Namibia, 157 crocodile attacks on humans and cattle were recorded in 2005 by community ranger, More than 200 people were killed in Kenya over the last seven years by elephants alone (WWF, 2007a), In the United Republic of Tanzania from 1999 to 2004, crocodiles killed at least 28 people and injured 57 others in the Jukumu Wildlife Management Area.

HWC Impacts Political Impacts of Human-Wildlife Conflicts  If people are convinced that the government is not address the problem, politically it has potential to influence the local communities to denounce the ruling party and vote against them and sometime it has led to violence. Social Impacts of Human-Wildlife Conflicts  Creates insecurity in terms of risk of being victim of wild animals attack that can result to loss of life Economic Impacts of Human-Wildlife Conflicts  Reduce and loss of sources of livelihood – approximately 80 percent of the rural communities in Zambia solely depend on agriculture as a source for money.  Money spent on treating the injuries resulting from wild animals

Opportunity for change  There has been policy consistence directive from the president, vice-president and Minister of Tourism on the need to enhance human security through wildlife management in Zambia.

Need for Legislative and policy Change  Human-wildlife conflict continued to be a major challenge of conservation and human development because of existing conservation policies, legislations and strategies that are pro-conservation of wildlife resources at the expense of human security and development

Law and Policy to Change  Wildlife Act, No. 12 of 1998  Wildlife Policy of 1998 and

What to Change  Management of Human Wildlife conflict e.g wildlife damage  Advocate for provision of various forms of compensation

Situational Analysis The current policy does not have clear and adequate mechanisms for addressing conflicts arising from the interactions between human activities and wild animals. Similarly, a compensation mechanism is absent to help offset the socio-economic effects of human wildlife conflicts in the GMA, Even though objective of Community-Based Conservation model was to address the human wildlife conflicts and its an adverse impact on food security and; To increase local people’s tolerance towards wild animals for enhancing wildlife conservation.

Advocacy Strategy 1.Mobilize Support 2.Build alliances 3.Develop a media and communication strategy 4.Generate public support through media 5.Engage the policy makers and wildlife technical and expertise community for support.

Key Activities  Base line Study  Stakeholder meetings  National wide campaign ( media and local meetings, drama, songs)  Drafting of a Bill and policy document.

Campaign Activities 1.Talks – as such presentation of concept paper of reports, case studies 2.Meetings – through community structures, briefing and de-briefing 3.Radio programmes 4.Songs 5.Drama 6.Videos 7.Field site visit of hotspots.

Core Message for the campaign  Support the campaign for the Legislative and Policy Review for enhanced Wildlife Management and,  Contribute to reducing Human-Wildlife Conflicts and enhance national strategy for reducing poverty

Target Audience Primary Ministers of tourism, Director Tourism PS - Ministry of Tourism and Cabinet Ministers Secondary Politicians, Members of Parliament, Councilors, Traditional leaders, Donors ( UNDP/GEF) Wildlife technical and expertise community’

Monitoring and Evaluation Framework Objective 1. To review the wildlife policy and legislation in order to incorporate compensation of wildlife damages by June 30, Desired impact - Enhanced Food security and agricultural sustainability Indicator 1.Number of actual Compensation for wildlife damages to human, property and crops. 2.Reduced crop damage from animal in GMAs and surrounding areas Means for Verification Reviewed policy and legislation ; compensation system in place; Zambia Wildlife Authority Act and policy recognizing compensation on crop damage

Conclusion  Support the campaign for the Legislative and Policy Review for enhanced Wildlife Management and  Reducing Human Wildlife Conflict is reducing poverty holistically” End of presentation