e-Check In Project NARITA AIRPORT, JAPAN Yoshihiro Ozawa Planning Department Narita International Airport Corporation Wednesday, 14 July 2004

e-Japan Program The government and the private sector joined hands in promoting a series of “e” projects launched in These projects would showcase Japan’s excellence in information technology throughout the country and around the world. One such project is our “e-Airport program” that would allow users to experience the results of IT revolution. IT Strategy HQ Decision

e-Airport Project Airport Net Ultra high-speed internet service using optical fiber cable as well as wireless LAN e-Information Integrated real-time public transport, traffic and flight information e-Tag Baggage free travel by using Radio Frequency Identification baggage tags e-Navigation Integrated facility, service and travel information including automated translation service into mobile terminals e-Check-in One stop check-in using biometric technology

e-Airport Project Airport Net Ultra high-speed internet service using optical fiber cable as well as wireless LAN e-Information Integrated real-time public transport, traffic and flight information e-Tag Baggage free travel by using Radio Frequency Identification baggage tag e-Navigation Integrated facility, service and travel information including automated translation service into mobile terminals e-Check-in One stop check-in using biometric technology

Contactless IC card compatible ticket gates allow commuters to pass through using mobile phones fitted with IC chips. Limited express train tickets purchased on the Internet, ticket information is sent to the client’s mobile phone and displayed on screen. →No paper tickets required. ｅ -Check-in (Integrated support via mobile phones to ease passenger flow ） (Integrated support via mobile phones to ease passenger flow ） Ticket Gate （ Railway ） Automatic Check-In Terminal ( Airline ） Automatic check-in terminals verify identification by passport check and password confirmation, and then write boarding pass and passport information to the IC chip in the passenger’s mobile phone. CHECK-IN Security Gate Boarding Gate Tickets and passports are checked using the information registered in the IC chip inside the mobile phone. Late passengers are contacted by mobile phone. Mr. ○○, flight JNS256 is now boarding at Gate 16. Please hurry. Tickets and passports are checked using the information registered in the IC chip inside the mobile phone. Biometric data

JAL-ECKIN Trial Summary PSGR:JAL FFP* PSGR:JAL FFP* Route:NRT dep, ICN dep., JAL ope flt only Route:NRT dep, ICN dep., JAL ope flt only Location:NRT T2, ICN Location:NRT T2, ICN Period:Jan04 Period:Jan04 Biometrics:Facial, Iris on IC-Card Biometrics:Facial, Iris on IC-Card Rmks:Interoperability Trial Rmks:Interoperability Trial User acceptance of new technologyUser acceptance of new technology Operation feasibility study under security enhanced circumstancesOperation feasibility study under security enhanced circumstances

e-CheckIn Interoperability of two systems “Common use IC-chip” is the “interface” between JAL e-CheckIn system and SPEEDGATE System. Passport cover with common IC-chip IC chip is securely read/written using PKI technology. PKI server is located in Narita. e-Check InSPEEDGATE

Registering equipment Registration / Check-in (Narita) For check-in, put the IC card to the equipment and retrieve face data. The system automatically captures the passenger’s face data. Upon matching the face data, the passenger can access to I-SCM (International Self Checkin Machine). Registration center is located in H-island Narita Airport Terminal2. If it is passenger’s first trial, he/she needs to be captured iris and face and make their IC card. Face recognition equipment I-SCM

Security Gate (Narita) Priority gate is provided for e-checkin passengers. Before security check point, passenger has to make verification with her/ his iris using this equipment.

Priority boarding (same as First and business class) is provided to e-checkin passengers. Before boarding, passenger has to make verification with her/his iris using this equipment. This equipment can be moved to another boarding gate. Boarding Gate (Narita)

SPPEDGATE(ICN) SPPEDGATE(NRT) In Narita airport, one SPEEDGATE is available in order to enroll Japanese passenger before Narita departure. Incheon Registration center for Korean participants is located in J-counter in Incheon International Airport. One SPEEDGATE can make both enrollment and verification. After verification, passenger can proceed to priority check-in counter. Registration / Check-in(Incheon)

Usage Number (Narita) /1/8 04/1/1504/1/2204/1/29 04/2/5 04/2/1204/2/1904/2/26 04/3/4 04/3/1104/3/1804/3/25 Passenger Number Pre registration Check-in （ Face) Security （ Iris ） Boarding （ Iris ）

Properties of participants - Some frequent passengers has already enjoyed this trial over 5 times. - Elders and Children have also been enrolled, it took much time to explain for capturing their biometrics over 5th 4th 3rd 2nd 1st Number of Departures Passenger Numbers Age of participants 1% 38% 25% 5% 6% 25%

Usage number (Incheon) Japanese customer seems to more interested in biometrics. Pre-registration Check-in （ Face/Iris ）

Biometrics Recognition Face recognition rate Iris recognition rate Recognized99.1% Failure0.9%Recognized83.7%Failure16.3% -Face recognition at NRT is high. -Iris recognition at NRT is not as good as Face, because some passenger do not see mirror by themselves and end with timeout. It is important to explain to passenger correctly NRT e-check in system * Failure ratio is FRR(false rejection ratio) including error case caused by timeout * 2 Iris recognition failure rate including 8% passengers who pass the iris recognition, but not going through the correct procedure. ＊2＊2＊2＊2

Biometrics Recognition Face recognition(ICN)Iris recognition(ICN) Total recognition(ICN) Recognized70.3% Failure29.7%Recognized85.8%Failure14.2% Recognized95.8%Failure4.2% -Face recognition at ICN is not high by the influence of strong sunlight. (Located near to the curbside) -Total recognition rate is high adopting double biometrics concept. ICN SPEEDGATE system double biometrics concept ‘Face  (if failed)  Iris’ = Face failure x Iris failure

ANA-ECKIN Trial Summary PSGR:e-TKT PSGR:e-TKT Route:NRT dep NH ope flt only Route:NRT dep NH ope flt only Location:NRT T2 Location:NRT T2 Period:Dec03 (6months) Period:Dec03 (6months) Biometrics:Facial Biometrics:Facial Rmks:Facial data on BP Rmks:Facial data on BP User acceptance of new technologyUser acceptance of new technology Operation feasibility study under security enhanced circumstancesOperation feasibility study under security enhanced circumstances

ANA ’ s ECKIN model H/J Security check Facial Recognition Mobile Phones/PDAs/Web Pre-Check IN Pre-Check IN 2D bar code Downloaded onto Mobile-phone/WEB PDAs etc. Boarding Gate Check done by a machine ( facial recognition) CKIN Facial recognition 2D bar code on BP Passport Fraud Check

Participants TTL 714participants TTL 714participants From 3Dec-31Mar From 3Dec-31Mar

ANA ’ s Prototype Self Service Unit Verify photo vs Pax Fraud check 2DBC scanner (Trigger for retrieve Passenger record) 2DBC on BP Baggage Claim tag issuer Combination with “hand free travel”. PASSPORT Scanner Camera and Lights

Pax easily see data destroyed. Biometrics = ultimate private information Prevent passenger’s anxious feeling = easily understandable way to void data 2DBC Boarding Pass

Participants (age)

Recognition Performance Period:03Dec-29Mar Period:03Dec-29Mar FAR not measured FAR not measured Lighting condition affects recognition rate Lighting condition affects recognition rate FRR is much higher than expected at Gate area. FRR is much higher than expected at Gate area. Not including imperfect enrollments Not including imperfect enrollments

Processing time Procedure Current CKIN ECKIN Pre-CKIN(off-airport) (○)(○)(○)(○) Document check ○○ Seat selection ○ Passport read ○○ Facial data capture ○ BP issue ○○ Time 3 min. (standard) 53.6sec.

Participants likes/dislikes(1) Q:Do you mind capturing your face?

Participants likes/dislikes(2) Q: Would you like to take part this trial again ?

Operator ’ s comments What is the operational question mostly asked ? What is the operational question mostly asked ? How to capture facial picture :46.2% How to capture facial picture :46.2% How to scan passport : 30.8% How to scan passport : 30.8% Participants operates smoothly ? Participants operates smoothly ? Yes smoothly:9.1% Yes smoothly:9.1% Mostly yes: 18.2% Mostly yes: 18.2% OK: 45.5% OK: 45.5% What is the question asked (not related to participant ’ s operation) What is the question asked (not related to participant ’ s operation) Passport photo vs facial data matching:66.7% Passport photo vs facial data matching:66.7% Data Privacy security:16.7% Data Privacy security:16.7%

Participants comments Need a better signage Need a better signage where to go ? where to go ? Where is the machine ? Where is the machine ? Need more notification among airport staff(both Airline and H/J Security staff) Need more notification among airport staff(both Airline and H/J Security staff) Need more previous explanation to participants Need more previous explanation to participants Distinguish advantage for participants Distinguish advantage for participants Don ’ t understand merit and purpose Don ’ t understand merit and purpose Need collaboration with IMM Need collaboration with IMM Expedited process is expected Expedited process is expected Need better Man-Machine I/F Need better Man-Machine I/F Where to watch during capturing facial data? Where to watch during capturing facial data? How long it will take for capturing facial data? How long it will take for capturing facial data?

Conclusion Improve user I/F Improve user I/F Biometrics data capturing Biometrics data capturing Light condition adjustment Light condition adjustment Trial with “ Shade ” and research best locating position Trial with “ Shade ” and research best locating position Coordination with other stakeholder(s) Coordination with other stakeholder(s) Keep working on additional trial for FY2004 under MoLIT and others Keep working on additional trial for FY2004 under MoLIT and others Security Security

Thank you