The Legacy of the War Chapter 11 Section 5 Page 366

Political Changes Federal government assumed supreme national authority & no state ever seceded again. Greatly increased the power of the federal government. Taxing private income Required everyone to accept paper currency U.S. citizens could no longer assume that the national government in Washington was too far away to bother them.

Economic Changes Passed the National Bank Act Northern economy boomed. -set up a system of federally chartered banks, set requirements for loans, & provide for banks to be inspected. Helped make banking safer Northern economy boomed. Grew rich by selling war industries Large scale commercial agriculture had taken hold. Southern economy was devastated. Took away the source of cheap labor Wrecked most of the region’s industry Destroyed farm machinery, railroads, & livestock

The Costs of the Civil War Human costs of the war were staggering. 360,000 Union soldiers & 260,000 Confederate soldiers died. Veterans w/ missing limbs became a common sight around the nation. Disrupted troops educations, families, & careers. Spent a combined total of 3.3 billion during the four years of war.

New Birth of Freedom Emancipation Proclamation freed only those slaves who lived in states behind Confederate lines. Only solution was a Constitutional amendment abolishing slavery. Had to be introduced to Congress twice before it passed. Ratified the 13th amendment freeing all slaved in the U.S.

Civilians Follow New Paths Some leaders continued their military careers. Sherman continued to fight Native Americans in the west. Lee became president of Washington College in VA. Veterans returned to their small towns & farmers after the war. Some veterans decided to move to cities to find work. Cara Barton helped to found the American Red Cross.

Assassination of Lincoln April 14, 1865, Lincoln & his wife went to see a play. Assassin John Wilks Booth shot Lincoln in the head. Booth escaped but got trapped in a tobacco barn in VA. Law enforcement set the building on fire. Booth was killed. Lincoln died April 15, 1865.

Answer these questions How did the war change the balance of power between state government and the federal government? How did the war widen the economic imbalance between the North and South? How did the war affect American families? How did the war affect African Americans?