Presented by- VAIBHAV SHARMA 12256 ECE-II A SEMINAR ON 2G & 3G Presented by- VAIBHAV SHARMA 12256 ECE-II

COMPANY’S OVERVIEW Haryana for its first position. Company name :- BSNL ,Narnaul,distt. Mahendergarh D.T.O. :- Mr.Ishwar Kumar Yadav The BSNL of Narnaul, Distt. Mahendergarh is placed first in Haryana State due to its Technical machines,Trainers & cleanliness It was also awarded from the C.M. of Haryana for its first position.

CONTENTS 2G 3G - 2G TECHNOLOGY - ADVANTAGES - DISADVANTAGES - 2.5G (GPRS) - APPLICATIONS 3G - HISTORY - 3.5G - GSM ARCHITECTURE

2G 2g refers to second generation wireless Telephone technology .Second generation Cellular n/w were launched on GSM Standard in Finland in 1991. After 2G new technologies such as 2.5G, 2.75G, 3G, 4G & 5G. 2G n/w are still Used in many parts of the world.

2G TECHNOLOGY 2G TDMA CDMA

ADVANTAGES 1.Lower power emission. 2.Digital data services such as SMS & emails. 3. Greatly reduced fraud. 4. Enhanced privacy.

DISADVANTAGES Weaker digital signal. Angular decay curve. Reduced range of sound.

2.5G 1. It is used to describe 2G system which have implemented a packet switched domain in addition to the surface switched Domain. 2. The first major step in evaluation of GSM networks to 3G With the GPRS . 3. The combination of these is known as 2.5G. 4. It includes the services like wireless application protocol(WAP) , Multimedia messaging servicing (MMS) and for internet communication services

3G 3G refers to third generation.It is a generation of standard for mobile phone and mobile Telecommunication services .The data rate of 3G Is atleast 200kbps.The main feature Of 3G are: Wireless voice telepnone. Mobile internet. Video calls. Mobile T.V

HISTORY The first pre-commercial 3G network was launched By NTT Docomo in Japan. The first commercial launch Of 3G was also by NTT Docomo in Japan on 1 oct 2001 The first commercial network in Europe was opened for business by Telenor in dec 2001. 3G launched in India by govt. owned MTNL In Delhi and later in Mumbai.Tata Docomo Was the first private sector service who launched 3G services on Nov 2010.

3G services in Asia CDMA (1xEV-DO) WCDMA / UMTS Korea: SKT, KTF Japan: AU (KDDI) WCDMA / UMTS Japan: NTT DoCoMo, Vodafone KK Australia: 3 Hutchinson Hong Kong: 3 Hutchinson

Why 3G? Higher bandwidth enables a range of new applications!! For the consumer Video streaming, TV broadcast Video calls, video clips – news, music, sports Enhanced gaming, chat, location services… For business High speed teleworking / VPN access Sales force automation Video conferencing Real-time financial information

3.5G 3.5G or HSDPA (High Speed Downlink Packet Access) is an enhanced version . It comprises the technologies that improve the Air Interface and increase the spectral efficiency, to support data rates of the order of 30 Mbps. 3.5G introduces many new features that will enhance the UMTS technology in future. These include: Adaptive Modulation and Coding Fast Scheduling Backward compatibility with 3G Enhanced Air interface

APPLICATIONS 1.Mobile T.V 2. Video on demand 3. Video conferencing 4. Tele-medicine. 5. Location based services

4G Also known as ‘Mobile Broadband everywhere’ ‘MAGIC’ 1. Mobile Multimedia Communication 2. Anywhere, Anytime with Anyone 3. Global Mobility Support 4. Integrated Wireless Solution 5. Customized Personal Service According to 4G Mobile Forum, by 2008 over $400 billion would be invested in 4G mobile projects. In India, communication Minister Mr. Dayanidhi Maran, has announced a national centre of excellence to work in 4G arena.

4G: Data rate Facts Transmission at 20 Mbps 2000 times faster than mobile data rates 10 times faster than top transmission rates planned in final build out of 3G broadband mobile 10-20 times faster than standard ADSL services. Companies developing 4G technology Cellular phone companies: Alcatel, Nortel, Motorola, IT Companies: Hughes,HP,LG Electronics

Wireless Access Evolution Subscribers Broadband Network Simplification Cost of Ownership Broadband New Services Efficiency Voice Quality Portability Capacity Coverage Mobility 1G 2G 3G 4G Voice Broadband

( GSM System Architecture A Interface A-bis interface OMC PSTN ISDN UM Interface HLR PSTN ISDN B T S MSC VLR Data Networks B T S BSC A Interface A-bis interface VLR Air interface

GSM Network Architecture OMC Other MSC VLR VLR Um Abis BTS A MS AUC GMSC HLR BSC BTS Abis BSS Other Networks (PSTN,PSPDN) EIR OtherMSC GSM Network Architecture

GSM System Architecture-I Mobile Station (MS) Mobile Equipment (ME) Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) Base Station Subsystem (BSS) Base Transceiver Station (BTS) Base Station Controller (BSC) Network Switching Subsystem(NSS) Mobile Switching Center (MSC) Home Location Register (HLR) Visitor Location Register (VLR) Authentication Center (AUC) Equipment Identity Register (EIR)

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