Over 70 percent of the earth's surface is covered by water. The average temperature of all oceans is about 39 degrees F (3.8 degrees C). The average depth of all oceans is about 2.3 miles.

CLIMATE Since the sun’s heat warms only the surface of the water. Deep down, ocean is cold, dark and still. The average temperature of the deep sea is -5 to 10°C. ANIMALS One animal is called the deep sea monkey which is over one centimeter in size. Extremely important to the food chain in most of the ecosystems. Mostly when owned at home. Can remain dormant for a long period of time. One of the many kinds of plants is called phytoplankton. Under the microscope they just look like small blobs. They grow rapidly, each cell divide into 2. The population grows very rapidly. Numbers of phytoplankton will increase until there are no nutrients left in the water. PLANTS

ANIMALS One fish that everyone knows lives in the reefs is the clown fish. They only grow up to being 18 centimeters in length. They live in anemones, only two breeding fish live in one. When the female dies, the male changes sexes and becomes the female. The fish that live in coral reefs feed off either small animals living near the reef, seaweed, or on the coral PLANTS Sea anemones are one of the plants that occupy the coral reefs. Anemones range in size from less than 1¼ cm to nearly 6 ft in diameter. They can have a range of ten tentacles to hundreds.

OVERALL INFORMATION Because this biosphere is so hot, there are no plants or animals. Are commonly found around volcanically active sites, places where tectonic plates are moving apart. Give off enormous amounts of iron. CLIMATE In the 1960’s scientists confirmed the presence of hot, 60°C (140°F), saline brines.

OVERALL INFORMATION The intertidal zone (also known as the seashore) is the area that is exposed to the air at low tide and underwater at high tide. CLIMATE Depending on where the shoreline is located. The temperature is always varied. ANIMALS Also depending on the location of the shore, has an effect on the animals around or in the water. One animal you can find in the whole northern hemisphere is called the Herring Gull. This bird only gets up to cm their diets are fish, eggs, waste, young birds, small mammals PLANTS The juncus or rush is a plant that is located in moist to wet places, although some rush species will grow on dry sites worldwide. They are important for nesting material, food, and shelter for many insects, birds, and mammals.

OVERALL INFORMATION Underwater areas with a high density of kelp. Kelp forests occur worldwide throughout temperature and polar coastal oceans. CLIMATE Climates depend on the location of the kelp forest. But the average temperature for kelp to grow is 68° F. ANIMALS Sea otters are one animal that inhabits the kelp forests. While sea otters often dive to hunt urchins, they also hunt and feed upon small and medium-sized fish. PLANTS Kelp attaches to rocks at the bottom of the sea. There are about 300 different kinds of kelp. It grows in shallow oceans or seas.