SS6G5 The student will locate selected features of Canada. SS6G6 The student will explain the impact of location, climate, distribution of natural resources, and population distribution on Canada. SS6G7 The student will discuss environmental issues in Canada GEOGRAPHY OF CANADA

ELEMENTS Locate on a world and regional political-physical map: the St. Lawrence River, Hudson Bay, Atlantic Ocean, Pacific Ocean, the Great Lakes, Canadian Shield, and Rocky Mountains  Describe how Canada’s location, climate, and natural resources have affected where people live Describe how Canada’s location, climate, and natural resources impact trade Explain the major environmental concerns of Canada regarding acid rain and pollution of the Great Lakes, the extraction and use of natural resources on the Canadian Shield, and timber resources

ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS How do people contribute to Canada’s pollution problems? How are acid rain, pollution of the Great Lakes, the extraction and use of natural resources on the Canadian Shield, and timber resources Canada’s major environmental concerns? What are the major physical features of Canada, and where are they located on a map? How do the factors of location, climate, access to water, and natural resources affect where Canadians choose to live and work? How do the factors of location, climate, access to water, and natural resources affect trade?

THE PHYSICAL FEATURES OF CANADA Canada is a country located north of the United States and is the second largest country in the world Canada’s physical features include: Rivers St. Lawrence River Mountains Rocky Mountains Bodies of water Pacific Ocean Atlantic Ocean Hudson Bay Great Lakes Landforms Canadian Shield

KEY PROVINCES OF CANADA Canada does not have states, but rather its regions are called provinces The major provinces of Canada are: Ontario Alberta Quebec Manitoba British Columbia Newfoundland Nunavut Canada’s capital city is Ottawa, located in Ontario

MAP OF CANADA

THE CLIMATE, LOCATION AND NATURAL RESOURCES OF CANADA Much of Canada is cold The mountain region of Canada is snow and ice, while the plains region has warm and temperate climate The Great Lakes area has temperate climate as well Location Most Canadians live in the cities and towns in the southern part of Canada Eskimos live in the northern part near the Arctic Circle Natural Resources Canada’s natural resources include fishing, lumber, wheat, nickel, copper, zinc, silver, gold, uranium, oil, natural gas

TRADE IN CANADA Canada’s main trade partners are the U.S. and Mexico Canada’s main exports are minerals and fishing

POLLUTION IN THE GREAT LAKES Acid Rain is a major issue in Canada Caused by vehicle emissions and coal plants Found mainly in Ontario and Quebec Waste, fertilizers, oil, grease, sewage, salt and runoff pollute the Great Lakes Both the U.S. and Canada are changing regulations to help clean the area

THE EXTRACTION OF NATURAL RESOURCES Minerals RIVERS AND TREES Minerals are being extracted, or taken out, from the Canadian Shield The mining of minerals causes toxic waste to get into the ground and habitat loss The Inuit people who live there are also losing land due to mining Rivers in the Canadian Shield produce hydroelectricity Energy generated by falling water Hydroelectricity causes erosion, flooding and habitat loss The cutting of trees in the Canadian Shield leads to flooding of the region