E VIDENCE B ASED T REATMENT FOR C ONDUCT D ISORDER

E VIDENCE B ASED T REATMENTS Many different measurement tools were used to measure disruptive behaviors in participants including: self-report parent report teacher report public records observed behavior

M ULTI - SYSTEMATIC T HERAPY Multi-systematic Therapy is a child based treatment that is used for adolescences with anti- social and delinquent behaviors. A combination of different interventions are used such as: cognitive-behavioral approaches, behavior therapies, parent training, family therapies, and medications Probably Efficacious Evidence Based Treatment

C ORE P RINCIPLES OF MST 1. Assessing how the problems are influenced by the family’s social setting 2. Emphasizing the positives for the family structure 3. Interventions focus on increasing positive/responsibility behaviors and decreasing negative/irresponsible behaviors 4. Focusing on current problems that are easily trackable 5. Coordinating interventions that have a target goal but cross different systems 6. Involving appropriate competencies within systems of school, work, and peers 7. Interventions require continuous effort by child and family 8. Evaluating interventions while holding treatment team accountable for positive progress 9. Teaching caregivers skills to address problems in a general sense across systems.

P ARENT CHILD I NTERACTION T HERAPY Parent Child Interaction Therapy is family and parent training therapy to support children aged 2-7 who have disruptive behavior problems Therapy session meet weekly for 1 hour for sessions Two phases of therapy are introduced: Child- directed interaction and Parent-directed interaction Probably Efficacious Evidence Based Treatment

P HASES OF P ARENT -C HILD I NTERACTION T HERAPY Child Directed: Parents learn skills to help have positive parenting and warmth in interactions. These include: Positive attention skills (praise and reflection) Active ignoring skills (less attention for negative behaviors) Setting clear instruction and following through with appropriate praise or punishment Parent Directed: Parents receive assignments in which they use the skills they learned during the child directed phase to apply them at home

P ROBLEM S OLVING -S KILLS T RAINING PSST is a child based therapy for school aged children ages 7-13 with disruptive behavior Over the course of sessions children learn skills and techniques to help with problem solving and solutions by a variety of methods Probably Efficacious Evidence Based Treatment

P ROBLEM S OLVING -S KILLS T RAINING : S KILLS AND T ECHNIQUES Common skills taught during sessions: Identifying the problem Weighing pros/cons Making decisions Evaluating the outcome Techniques for teaching skills during sessions: Role playing Modeling Practice Social reinforcement Positive feedback

M EDICATIONS FOR THE T REATMENT OF CD AND ODD This article did not review the use of pharmaceuticals as treatments but did state that they are used in clinical treatments yet are not as common as behavioral therapies A main problem that medications tend to address is aggressive behaviors that are not the only issues with children with CD or ODD so they are not as effective alone as in combination with behavioral therapies The use of medication might also be treating underlying co-morbid disorders such as AD/HD or Bi-polar disorder