Montserrat – Volcanic Eruption Causes Montserrrat is part of a volcanic island arc in the Caribbean, which has developed at a destructive plate boundary.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
What caused Mt. St. Helen’s to erupt?
Advertisements

The Restless Earth Revision Resource for volcanoes, earthquakes, fold mountains.
Montserrat volcanic eruption quiz. 1. What region of the world is Montserrat?
Montserrat volcanic eruption LO: to produce a case study of the causes, effects (long and short term) and responses to the eruption.
Volcanoes Chapter 6.
Plate Tectonics Revision
How are these like the mantle?
Volcanoes Chaitén, Chile By: Jeannie Rabat. Chaiten is a small volcano located on the flank of the Michinmavida volcano in southern Chile. Before 2008,
VOLCANOES Sections 1 and 3 A volcano is a weak spot in the crust where molten.
Mount St Helens, USA, 1980.
Do Volcanoes affect Rich and Poor countries in the same way?
Mount Pinatubo, Philippines Zoe Rose. Causes of the volcanic eruption On July 16, 1990, a magnitude 7.8 earthquake (comparable in size to the great 1906.
Location of Montserrat in the Caribbean Islands The Island of Montserrat Montserrat in relation to South America and the world.
Volcanoes and Plate Tectonics
Central America. 7 countries- Guatemala, Belize, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Panama Isthmus that connects North America and South.
VOLCANIC ERUPTION - MONSERRAT
Question Where are volcanoes found? What is a hot spot? Answer Volcanoes form along the boundaries of Earth's plates. An area where material from deep.
 Montserrat is a small island in the Caribbean. There is a volcanic area located in the south of the island on Soufriere Hills called Chances Peak. 
5.1 Volcanoes. volcano - a mountain that forms in Earth’s crust when molten material, or magma, reaches the surface volcano - a mountain that forms.
Daily Review #6 How are earthquakes created? How are P, S and surface waves similar? Different? What is a tsunami and how is it made?
Volcanoes. What is a volcano? An opening in the Earth that erupts gases, ash, and lava.
Montserrat volcanic eruption LO: to produce a case study of the causes, effects (long and short term) and responses to the eruption.
Daily Review #4 9. Put in order of age: Gondwana, Pangaea, South America 10. Sketch the layers of the Earth and label the asthenosphere, lithosphere,
Chapter TWELEVE Volcanoes.
Volcano Causes of volcanic eruptions Key things you should know about volcanoes: A volcano is a cone-shaped mountain or hill, formed by eruptions of lava.
Volcanoes A volcano is an opening in the Earth’s crust through which molten rock, rock fragments, and hot gases erupt.
GCSE REVISION 2 Volcanoes, Earthquakes and Tsunamis – cause effects and responses.
 More than 600 active volcanoes on Earth  Kilauea in Hawaii erupts continuously.  Iceland is a country that is made entirely from volcanoes.
Tectonic hazard: Human impacts By Nick, Jordan, Jamie and Imogen.
What is the future for Montserrat? Photograph by Adam Goss and used with permission.
Volcanoes form as molten rock erupts
Montserrat – building a case study
1. Name the plate boundary in figure 1. (1 marks) 2.Describe the movement that occurs at this plate boundary (2 marks) 3.Name one other boundary which.
Volcanos: Chapter Volcano A volcano is a week spot in the crust where molten material, or magma, comes to the surface.
VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS.
Volcanoes- Section 1 Volcanoes and Earth’s moving plates
Montserrat – building a case study
Chapter 12: Volcanoes!. Volcanoes and Earth's Moving Plates A volcano is an opening in Earth that erupts gases, ash and lava. Volcanic mountains form.
Plate Tectonics - Part C - Volcanoes and Plate tectonics -Use your table of contents to find Chapter 15 Section 1 -Flip through the section looking at.
Section 1: Volcanoes and Plate Tectonics
Chapter 3: Mountains & Volcanoes Mountains. A mountain is an area of land that rises steeply from the land around it. Most mountains belong to ranges,
Chapter 10: Mountains and Volcanoes 10.1: Movement of rock builds mountains 10.2: Volcanoes form as molten rock erupts 10.3: Volcanoes affect Earth’s land,
Volcanoes and Plate Tectonics A volcano is a weak spot in the crust where molten material, or magma, comes to the surface. Magma is a molten mixture of.
Montserrat is positioned in the Leeward Islands of which is part of the Lesser Antilles in the Caribbean Sea. The island itself amounts to being only.
Volcanoes and Plate Tectonics Chapter 6 Section 1.
Montserrat. Updates Most of the info online is concerned with
Hazard Case Studies: Which are worse: The impacts of hazards in developed or emerging countries?
Volcanoes and Plate Tectonics (Part 3)
Living in an Active Zone
Volcanoes A volcano is an opening in the Earth’s crust through which molten rock, rock fragments, and hot gases erupt.
The Eruption of Mount Pinatubo
VOLCANIC ACTIVITY Unit 2 - Ch 10.
Volcanoes A volcano is an opening in the Earth’s crust through which molten rock, rock fragments, and hot gases erupt.
VOLCANOES-CH. 13.
Earthquakes and volcanoes
5.1 Volcanoes and Plate Tectonics
Volcanoes Unit 12.2.
Volcanoes A volcano is a cone shaped mountain formed from lava or lava and ash which has been forced  through a hole in the earth's crust. Volcanoes are.
A case study for the Montserrat volcanic eruption
Volcanoes A volcano is an opening in the Earth’s crust through which molten rock, rock fragments, and hot gases erupt.
Volcanoes and Plate Tectonics
Volcanoes Edited from original. Author Brent Swartz.
Types of Convergent Boundaries
Volcanoes.
Types of Convergent Boundaries
Volcanology: The Study of Volcanoes
Volcanoes A volcano is an opening in the Earth’s crust through which molten rock, rock fragments, and hot gases erupt.
Volcanoes A volcano is an opening in the Earth’s crust through which molten rock, rock fragments, and hot gases erupt.
Comparison of 2 volcanoes
Presentation transcript:

Montserrat – Volcanic Eruption Causes Montserrrat is part of a volcanic island arc in the Caribbean, which has developed at a destructive plate boundary. The Atlantic Plate (oceanic crust) is being subducted under the Caribbean plate (continental crust) as it is more dense. As the Atlantic plate is forced into the mantle it melts creating new magma. This magma then combines with the sea water that has also been subducted making this new magma less dense. It then rises through the Caribbean plate to form a volcano and a volcanic arc (Lesser Antilles volcanic arc). In August 1995 the volcano started to erupt smothering Montserrat's capital, Plymouth, in dense clouds of volcanic ash. Two years of 'gentle' eruptions then followed. In June 1997 the biggest eruption sent massive pyroclastic flows (mixture of volcanic fragments, ash, mud and toxic gases at temperature over 500C) flowing down the side of the Soufriere Hills at over 130km/h covering everything in their path. EffectsPrimarySecondary Social 23 people died People had to be evacuated Homes were destroyed and abandoned People who stayed suffered very harsh conditions Health problems were reported (due by volcanic ash contaning quartz that can then cause silicosis) Ageing population as many young people have left the island Economic Infrastructure, including the airport, was destroyed Montserrat's economy was devastated Tourism came to a halt Montserrat forced to rely on UK Processing of imported rice and assembly of electrical products declined Unemployment rose as tourism industry declined Envirome ntal More than half Montserrat become uninhabitable. Floods as valleys blocked with ash. Pyroclastic flows Floods as valleys blocked by ash Forest fires caused by pyroclastic flows Short term responses: August 1995, many residents were evacuated to the north of the island. April 1996, Plymouth was evacuated and an exclusion zone was set up in the south of the island before the big eruption Many people left the island completely. By November 1997 Montserrat's population had fallen from 12,000 to 3,500. Montserrat is a British Overseas Territory, the British Government spent millions of pounds on aid - including temporary buildings and water purification. Charities set up temporary schools, and sent emergency food for farm animals. Long term responses: Some people returned to the island. By 2010, the population had risen to nearly 5,000. The island's population structure changed. Many younger people left and didn't return. Many older people never left, or came back. The British government spent over £200 million helping Montserrat to restore electricity and water, build a new harbour in the north of the island at Little Bay, a new airport and new roads. The Montserrat Volcano Observatory was set up in 1996 to study the volcano and provide warnings for the future. Little Bay is being developed as the new capital. Positive ImpactsNegative Impacts New roads and a new airport built Presence of the volcano resulted to an eventual increase in tourism A volcanic observatory has been built to monitor the volcano Services in the north of the island have been expanded as Little Bay is developed as the new capital Many young people left the island forever Ageing population Unemployment rose due to declining industries Montserrat had to rely heavily on the British government to rebuild country Plymouth, original capital city, had to be abandoned 23 people lost their lives Monitoring The Montserrat Volcano Observatory was set up in 1996 and they are monitoring the volcano through a number of methods. Checking changes in its shape using electronic tilt meters and GPS. A change in shape can indicate rising magma. Using seismometers to listen to the rumbing of the volcano as magma moves towards the surface. Creating a seismology network to collect information on earthquake activity. Measuring sulphur dioxide