UNIT 9 Chapter 27 – The Age of Imperialism

CHAPTER 27 The Age of Imperialism, 1850–1914 The Scramble for Africa Western countries colonize large areas of Africa and Asia, leading to political and cultural changes. Soldiers fighting in Boer War (South African War, 1899–1902). SECTION 1 The Scramble for Africa SECTION 2 CASE STUDY: Imperialism SECTION 3 Europeans Claim Muslim Lands SECTION 4 British Imperialism in India SECTION 5 Imperialism in Southeast Asia

OBJECTIVES CORE OBJECTIVE: Trace the spread of European influence through Imperialism. Objective 9.1: Summarize the motives of European colonizers and the factors that allowed them to control Africa Objective 9.2: Explain the different form of colonial control. Objective 9.3: Describe the changes in the Middle East during the collapse of the Ottoman Empire. Objective 9.4: Weigh the pros and cons of British rule of India. Objective 9.5: Explain the role of Europe throughout Southeast Asia.

Chapter 27 SECTION 1 – THE SCRAMBLE FOR AFRICA Ignoring the claims of African ethnic groups, kingdoms, and city-states, Europeans establish colonies.

EARLY AFRICA Problems Discourage Exploration Armies, rivers, disease discourage exploration Nations Compete for Overseas Empires Imperialism — seizure of a territory by a stronger country Missionaries, explorers, humanitarians reach interior of Africa The Congo Sparks Interest Henry Stanley helps King Leopold II of Belgium acquire land in Congo Leopold brutally exploits Africans; millions die Belgian government takes colony away from Leopold Much of Europe begins to claim parts of Africa WRITE THIS DOWN!

THE DIVISION OF AFRICA WRITE THIS DOWN! The Lure of Wealth Discovery of gold and diamonds increases Raw materials are greatest source of wealth in Africa Businesses develop cash-crop plantations Berlin Conference Divides Africa Berlin Conference —14 nations agree on rules for division (1884–85): countries must claim land and prove ability to control it By 1914, only Liberia and Ethiopia are free of European control 

REASONS FOR IMPERIALISM WRITE THIS DOWN! Belief in European Superiority Race for colonies grows out of national pride Racism — belief that one race is better than others Social Darwinism — survival of the fittest applied to human society Factors Promoting Imperialism in Africa Technological inventions like steam engine, Maxim gun help conquest of Africans Perfection of quinine protects Europeans from malaria Within Africa, Africans are divided by language and culture

SOUTH AFRICA Zulus Fight the British WRITE THIS DOWN! Zulus Fight the British Shaka — Zulu chief — creates centralized state around 1816 British defeat Zulus and gain control of Zulu nation in 1887 Boers and British Settle in the Cape Boers, or Dutch farmers, take Africans’ land, establish large farms Boers clash with British over land, slaves; move north to escape British Boer War between British, Boers begins in 1899 British win; Boer republics united in Union of South Africa (1910)

Imperialism Through Flags http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hYeFcSq7Mxg

Origins of the French Revolution—Assessment Which of these is NOT a natural resource Britain had for Industrialization? (A) Iron (B) Rivers (C) Capital (D) Coal Which of these is Not a factor of production? (A) Harbors (B) Land (C) Labor (D) Capital

Origins of the French Revolution—Assessment Which of these is NOT a natural resource Britain had for Industrialization? (A) Iron (B) Rivers (C) Capital (D) Coal Which of these is Not a factor of production? (A) Harbors (B) Land (C) Labor (D) Capital

Vocabulary Assessment Urbanization is the (A) Process of work in a society being done by machines (B) Immigration from one country to another (C) Business growth through new inventions (D) Movement of people to cities An economic system in which all means of production are owned by the people. Private property does not exist and goods are shared equally. (A) Capitalism (B) Communism (C) Socialism (D) Feudalism

Vocabulary Assessment Urbanization is the (A) Process of work in a society being done by machines (B) Immigration from one country to another (C) Business growth through new inventions (D) Movement of people to cities An economic system in which all means of production are owned by the people. Private property does not exist and goods are shared equally. (A) Capitalism (B) Communism (C) Socialism (D) Feudalism