I. Map Design Elements II. Map Composition III. Map Perception IV. Map Lettering V. Type Elements VI. Considerations in Selecting Type for Maps VII. Lettering and Word Spacing VIII. Positioning of Words on the Map MAP DESIGN AND TYPOGRAPHY

MAP DESIGN ELEMENTS HANDOUT OF THE GOLDEN RULES

Layout Balance images optical center MAP COMPOSITION

5% of image above optical center. On 8.5” x 11” paper that is equal to 5.225”

MAP COMPOSITION Titles Legend Orientation

ORIENTATION

Map Lettering Typography = selecting a type face & placement of the type on the map. #1 Function and #2 Aesthetics

Type Elements Letter-form Components

Type Elements Letter-form Components No more than 2 san serif or 2 serif type faces

HELVETICA TIMES

Type Size One point is about 0.35 mm (1/72 or inches) Type Elements

abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz (arial 32 point) abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz (times 32 point) most common type sizes used are 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 18, 24, 30, and 36 Type Elements

Font

Type Elements Font Family Weight

Type Elements Font Family Type widths NormalCondensedExtended

Type Elements Font Family

Considerations in Selecting Type for Maps A. Legibility –Choose a typeface in which there is little chance for confusion between letters such as c and e, i and j, b,h, and k. B. Try to select a typeface that has a large x- height relative to lettering width. C. Avoid extremely bold forms. D. Do not use decorative typefaces on the map they are difficult to read.

Lettering and Word Spacing

Positioning Type for Place Features Point symbols labeled with no letter spacing Point symbols should always be closed and filled.

Positioning Type for Place Features

Positioning Type for Linear Features

Positioning Type for Areal Features