1 New Roles in Digital Libraries... José Borbinha National Library of Portugal Direction of Services for Innovation and Development

2 “Digital Libraries”??? Issues and cases in digital libraries: –the main cases New content genres, metadata,... –about interoperability Projects LEAF and TEL... –about actors The DELOS/NSF Working Group... –...one global vision, BND... The National Digital Library (Portugal)

3 An historical perspective Libraries and technology among the times...

4 A Computer Science’s perspective ACM Computing Classification System (January 1998)... H. Information Systems –... –H.3 Information Storage and Retrieval... H.3.7 Digital Libraries –Collection –Dissemination –Standards –System issues –User issues

5 A perspective of a traditional library User Registered Anonymous Librarian Actor CreatorEditor Distributor Preservation Publication LicensingAcquisition RegistrationDissemination Search Digital Library Access

6 Use Cases (from the model)... Publication –Availability of a manifestation of a work (resource)... Licensing –Rules for the usage of an item of a resource... Acquisition –Ownership of a resource... Registration –Create metadata to describe the resource... Dissemination –Making aware the existence of a resource... Search –Searching of information about a work (resource discovery). Access –Visualization of a resource, duplication,... Preservation –To keep the resource in good shape for access...

7 Another view of the cases... AcquisitionDelivery by the publisher Capture by the library Harvesting by the library VerificationMedium integrity Content integrity Logical integrity Authentication Registration Metadata Bibliographic and content description Installation and de-installation Preservation Access Preservation Physical preservationMedium refreshing Medium migration Logical preservationFormat conversion Emulation Intellectual preservation Access Conditions of use Local access Remote access

8 Genres (what?) –Information resource’s media, formats, type, characteristics (on-line/off-line, dynamic resources, interactive resources,...) Actors (who?) –Need to review concepts and roles (editor, creator, contributor, translator, illustrator, distributor, owner, user, librarian, host, mediator,...) Identifiers (where?) –Names, uniform names and identifiers, contextual names and identifiers, persistency,... Metadata (how?) –Bibliographic description, administration, structural description,..., creation versus reutilization,... Emerging issues...

9 Bibliographic description of the resources Bibliographic description and identification of the resources, such as titles, authors, indexing terms, classification, abstracts, surrogates, etc. Administration of the resources Administrative information about the resource, such as information about acquisition process and costs, rights, etc. Preservation of the resources Technical or management requirements for long term preservation. Technical and structural description of the resources Technical requirements to manipulate the resource (systems and tools), etc. Access, usage and reproduction of the resources Information about terms and conditions for access and reproduction, etc. Administration of the metadata Information about the other metadata classes, such as data of creation, origin, authenticity, terms and conditions for its usage, etc. Classes of metadata

10 Multiple perspectives for the "metadata" problem in the Digital Library...

11 Interoperability in a networked world...

12 LEAF Linking and Exploring Authority Files Funded by the European Commission under the 5th framework IST programme Started: March 2001 End: February

13 The partners : Biblioteca Nacional de Portugal, Lisbon Biblioteca de Universidad Complutense, Madrid British Library, London Deutsches Literaturarchiv, Marbach Forschungsstelle und Dokumentationszentrum für Österreichische Philosophie, Graz Goethe- und Schiller-Archiv, Weimar Institut Mémoires de l'édition contemporaine, Paris Österreichische Nationalbibliothek, Vienna University of Bergen, Bergen Swiss National Library, Bern National and University Library, Ljubljana, Riksarkivet, Stockholm

14 Local Authority Data User Interface Annotation Manager Linking Manager Update Manager CNAF Common Name Authority File Local OPACs

15 Feasibility study concerning (Feb – July 2003) Interoperability across Europe’s national libraries Combining the resources of Europe‘s national libraries Groundwork to establish pan-European services

16 Partners European national libraries of United Kingdom, Germany, The Netherlands, Switzerland, Portugal, Finland, Italy, Slovenia, Conference of European National Librarians (CENL), Istituto Centrale per il Catalogo Unico, Italy (ICCU-Italy) Combining the resources of Europe‘s national libraries Groundwork to establish pan-European services

17 Work packages: WP 1:Publisher relations WP 2:Business plans and models WP 3:Metadata development WP 4:Interoperability testbeds WP 5:Dissemination and use WP 6:Management

DELOS/NSF Working Group Reference Models for Digital Libraries: Actors and Roles

19 WG Members DELOS (Europe) José Borbinha, National Library of Portugal (DELOS coordinator) Michel Mabe, Elsevier Science, UK (Publishing industry) Peter Mutschke, Social Science Information Centre, Germany (Software agents, Information Retrieval) Hans-Jörg Lieder, Berlin State Library, Germany (LEAF project) NSF (USA) John Kunze, University of California, USA (NSF coordinator) Barbara Tillett, Library of Congress, USA (Libraries) Becky Dean, OCLC, USA (Libraries services) Angela Spinazze, USA (Museums) Howard Besser, University of California, USA (Multimedia and digital art production) DCMI - Dublin Core Metadata Initiative Warwick Cathro, National Library of Australia

20 Purpose of Actors Working Group “… to develop a reference model describing the different classes of actors related to the problem of the Digital Library, including their roles and implications.” - traditional entities (authors, editors, publishers) - non-traditional (users, catalogers, ref. librarians) - emerging (software agents, mediators, special rights holders)

21 Actors in Digital Libraries???... are persons, organizations, and automata that play roles in the production, dissemination, management and use of digital information.

22 Results White paper: –Definition and introduction to the problem. –Description and analysis of the requirements. –Proposal to the community for a reference model. –Proposals for an international agenda for further technical and collaborative developments.

23 Generic framework (1/2)

24 Generic framework (2/2)

25 The National Digital Library Internal Creator Registration Identifier Management Cataloguing Digitization Storage Local Edition Remote Access Preservation Internal Digitizer Librarian Technician User Local Access Publication External Actor Dissemination and resource discovery Deposit Access

26 Publication (Collection building) –External deposit (digitized and digital born contents) –Local edition (creation of our own resources...) –Digitization (from our own digitization program...) Registration and storage –Structural metadata (XML, METS...) –Identifier management (URN/PURL) –Cataloguing (UNIMARC,...) Preservation –Short-medium term management –Long-term physical and logical preservation Access (who, how, when, why,...) –Local access versus remote access (URN/PURL resolution) –On-line versus off-line Dissemination and Resource Discovery –Traditional interfaces and services OPACs (PORBASE and specialized services) Thematic indexes –New interfaces and services Z39.50 OAI-PMH (DCMES, UNIMARC, XML...) ZING (Web Services...)...bring up the “deep web” (RSS,...)