The Elements Hydrogen - Calcium
Hydrogen The most abundant element in the universe. It is the fuel that burns in stars. It is the simplest element. Hydrogen is a gas under standard conditions. Hydrogen is used for rocket fuel and explosives.
Helium Gas under standard conditions and is found in all stars. Helium is the second most abundant element in the universe. Helium is used as a lifting gas for balloons and airships
Lithium Lithium is a lightweight metal. Used as part of an alloy to make lightweight aircraft. Also used in batteries and medicines for psychiatric disorders.
Beryllium Beryllium is a metal. It is used as an alloy for aircraft, rocket fuel and in mineral form makes the gems Emerald and aquamarine.
Boron Boron is a metalloid. Boron is mostly found in mineral form as the mineral borax. Used to harden steel and to make rocket parts because it resists heat.
Carbon Carbon is a nonmetal. Molecules that contain carbon make up all living cells. Carbon in different forms is used as charcoal, graphite and diamonds.
Nitrogen Nitrogen is a diatomic gas. Nitrogen makes up the majority of our atmosphere. Nitrogen is used to make ammonia, fertilizers and explosives.
Oxygen Oxygen is a diatomic gas. Oxygen is the 3rd most abundant element in the universe. We need to breath oxygen to live. It is also used in welding, and making steel.
Fluorine Fluorine is a diatomic gas. Fluorine is the most reactive element and is rarely found alone. Fluorine compounds are used in rat poisons, etching glass and refrigerants.
Neon Neon is a gas. Neon is un-reactive and is therefore not a part of many molecules. Because it glows red when a current is passed through it, it is used in lights.
Sodium Sodium is a metal. Sodium is extremely reactive with water. Sodium vapor is used as lighting. Sodium compounds make up things like baking soda, table salt.
Magnesium Magnesium is a metal. Magnesium is used to make lightweight alloys and burns with a very bright white light for fireworks.
Aluminum Aluminum is a metal. Aluminum is used to make aluminum foil, alloys and wires.
Silicon Silicon is a metalloid. Silicon is used in making glass, quartz. Silicon is also used in memory chips in computers and semi-conductors.
Phosphorus Phosphorus is a solid non- metal. Phosphorus is used in fireworks, detergents (brightens), fertilizers.
Sulfur Sulfur is a solid non-metal. Sulfur is used in gunpowder, paper, matches, drugs (antibacterial), paint etc.
Chlorine Chlorine is a Diatomic gas. Chlorine is used as a disinfectant (water treatment) and combines with metals to form salts.
Argon Argon is a gas. Argon is very un-reactive and does not form compounds. Argon is used to fill light bulbs (oxygen would corrode the filament)
Potassium Potassium is a metal. Potassium explodes when it comes in contact with water. Potassium compounds are used in fertilizers.
Calcium Calcium is a metal. Calcium is needed to make bone/teeth. Calcium compounds are used to make chalk, cement.