Background Info Opportunity for people to visually see their brainwave patterns through visual and audio cues on the computer Games and activities are included in neurofeedback software such as BrainTrain that provides reinforcements whenever goals are met Goals are associated with the appropriate proportions between beta and theta brain waves which relate to neurological patterns found in people with such symptoms as ADHD, ADD, TBI, PTSD, Anxiety and other types of disorders

Purpose  To learn how to use the neurofeedback equipment efficiently  To determine the best practices regarding the delivery of neurofeedback  To explore the use of neurofeedback through specific cases

Research Question  How does Neurofeedback affect a student diagnosed with ADHD, overall ability to decrease cognitive and behavioral symptoms associated with ADHD (focus, decreased hyperactivity, impulsivity, distractibility and improved memory)?  How does Neurofeedback affect a student’s overall self-awareness and self- esteem?  Does Neurofeedback improve the ‘overall quality of life for the student?

Variables  Independent Variable(s) [IV] : Neurofeedback  Dependent Variable [DV]: increase memory, less, hyperactivity, impulsivity and distractibility, improvement in overall quality of life.

Hypothesis  Hypothesis 1: Individuals who receive Neurofeedback treatment will see an increase in their ability to focus, and increase in memory, and they will experience less hyperactivity, impulsivity, and distractibility.  Null Hypothesis 1: Individuals who receive Neurofeedback treatment will not see an increase in their ability to focus, and increase in memory, and they will experience less hyperactivity, impulsivity, and distractibility.  Hypothesis 2: Neurofeedback leads to an improved ‘overall quality of life’ for the student, self-awareness, and self-esteem.  Null Hypothesis 2: Neurofeedback does not nor has no effect on the ‘overall quality of life’ for the student, self- awareness, and self-esteem.

Likert Scale Responses 1. strongly agree 2. agree 3. neutral 4. disagree 5. strongly disagree

Descriptive Statistics

T-Test

 All questions in the sample rejected the null hypothesis due to the fact that the calculated t for each question surpasses the one-tailed critical t and its individual upper Confidence Interval; therefore, each question proves that Neurofeedback has an impact on an individual’s ability to focus, and increase memory, and they will experience less hyperactivity, impulsivity, and distractibility which has the possibility of improving their overall quality of life. Group Statistics genderNMeanStd. DeviationStd. Error Mean q1Male Female q2Male Female q3Male Female

One Sample This output tells us that we have 51 observations (N), the mean number ranges between is and the standard deviation of the sample is The standard error of the mean (the standard deviation of the sampling distribution of means) ranges between

 When looking at the data with a 95% confidence interval of the difference. The degree of freedom is 50 due to 51-1 (N-1). The fourth column tells us the two-tailed significance (the 2-tailed p value.) Because this is a two-tailed test, look in a table of critical t values to determine the critical t. The critical t with 50 degrees of freedom, α =.05 and two-tailed is  Determine if we can reject the null hypothesis or not. The decision rule is: if the two- tailed critical t value is less than the observed t AND the means are in the right order, then we can reject H0. In this example, the critical t is (from the table of critical t values) and the observed t is , so we reject H0. That is, there is insufficient evidence to conclude that the null hypothesis is rejected.

ANOVA

Scheffe

 All F values are between.266 to Due to the fact that all F values listed above are less than the Critical F value we cannot reject the null the hypothesis. In order to reject the null hypothesis the F value has to meet or be greater than the Critical F value  The Scheffe Post Hoc Test reflect that fact that, Q3 demonstrated the highest significance at.752 while Q2 had the lowest significance at.600. Ultimately, since the ANOVA did not reject the null hypothesis, the Scheffe test was not necessary.

Regression The line of regression shows a positive correlation between Neurofeedback (x axis) and increase in their ability to focus, and increase in memory, and they will experience less hyperactivity, impulsivity, and distractibility (y axis). This does not necessarily mean they are connected to one another, only that there is a correlation. The equation is 0.75 * x R squared showed that this variation only has a 0.028% likelihood of directly impacting the other variable meaning that there is less than a 99% impact coming from a different variable

Chi-Square Crosstabulation assessment we found a correlation, but with the CHi-square test it was not as significant

The graph reflects a major attitude difference between male and female participants. The graph also reflects that fact that a large number of male students responded compared to the number of female students. Male students were more like to strongly agree with the treatment of Neurofeedback and female students were less likely. Sophomore students reflect the large number of participants in this student and also reflect the number of students that strongly agree that the treatment was very effective.

Hypothesis Test Summary Hypothesis Test Summary was conducted and found that there was evidence of significance of 0.5 and it retain the null hypothesis.

Best Approach In this study the best supporting approach would be the t-test. The t-test determines the relationship between the independent and dependent variables. The hypothesis summary indicated a rejection of the null hypothesis.