BIG BANG AND BIG CRUNCH DARCI COLLINS

BEGINNING OF THE UNIVERSE In Medieval philosophy there was much debate over whether the universe had a finite or infinite past Johannes KeplerJohannes Kepler used the dark night sky to argue for a finite universe. Isaac Newton described large-scale motion throughout the universe.Isaac Newton Edger Allen PoeEdger Allen Poe believed the initial state of matter was a single "Primordial Particle".

BIG BANG In 1927, the Belgian Catholic priest Georges Lematire proposed an expanding model for the universe to explain the observed redshifts of spiral nebulae. He based his theory on the work of Einstein and De Sitter In 1929, Edwin Hubble provided a comprehensive foundation for Lemaître's theory. Hubble discovered that relative to the Earth and all other observed bodies, galaxies are receding in every direction Hubble proved the isotropic nature of the expansion was direct proof that space was expanding, not that the bodies in space that were simply moving further outward Alexander Alexandrovich Friedmann formed the first dynamic cosmopolitan model of the big bang

OTHER THEORIES The steady state theory states that although the universe is expanding, it does not change its appearance over time; it has no beginning and no end.  Discredited by the detection of the cosmic microwave background radiation

WHAT IS THE BIG BANG The Big Bang theory is the cosmological model that explains the earliest moments development of the observable Universe. According to the theory, the Universe was once in an extremely hot and dense state which expanded rapidly. This rapid expansion caused the Universe to cool and resulted in its present continuously expanding state. After its initial expansion from a singularity the Universe cooled to allow energy to be converted into various subatomic particles. While protons and neutrons combined to form the first atomic nuclei only a few minutes after the Big Bang, it would take thousands of years for electrons to combine with them and create electrically neutral atoms. According to the most recent measurements and observations, the Big Bang occurred approximately billion years ago, which is thus considered the age of the Universe

END OF THE UNIVERSE Since it was discovered that there could be a beginning to the Universe, it was possible that the Universe could end. Cosmologists aimed to determine the fate of the universe by measuring Omega Ω. The Universe has different fates depending on the value of Omega. If omega is greater than 1, then the universe will be closed. If it's less than 1, the universe will be open. And if it's equal to 1, the universe will be flat

BIG CRUNCH According to this theory, the universe will one day stop expanding. Then, as gravity pulls on the matter, the universe will begin to contract, falling inward until it has collapsed back into a super-hot, super-dense singularity. It is considered a consequence of the Big Bang

PROBLEMS WITH EXPANSION/ CONTRACTION Theory of General Relativity and Quantum Mechanics are incompatible at quantum scales when large mass is involved. Since quantum mechanics is mostly probability and relativity is mostly definitive, the two theories cannot be used in tandem. The big bang and big crunch are unable to be described on a quantum and relative scale.

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