STRUCTURE IN RELATION TO THE MISSION OF SCIENCE ACADEMIES M. Vijayan President Indian National Science Academy New Delhi

Types of Academies and Scope of Presentation Professional bodies without major administrative responsibilities. E.g. The Royal Society, US National Academy of Sciences, Indian National Science Academy Those with major administrative responsibilities such as managing Institutes. E.g. Russian Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences Presentation concerned with the first category. Comments also relevant to the non-administrative component of the second category Activities of the Indian National Science Academy are used to highlight different issues

Organised Science in India. The Historical Context Indian science in ancient and medieval times Geological Survey of India, 1851 Archeological Survey of India, 1861 Indian Meteorological Department, 1875 Botanical Survey of India, 1890 Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Calcutta,1876 Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 1909 Indian Science Congress Association, 1914 JC Bose, PC Ray, CV Raman, MN Saha, KS Krishnan, SN Bose

Science Academies Established in the 1930’s National Institute of Sciences of India, Calcutta Moved to New Delhi in 1946 and rechristened Indian National Science Academy (INSA) Indian Academy of Sciences, Bangalore (IAS) National Academy of Sciences, Allahabad (NASI)

Council President Vice-Presidents: Fellowship Affairs International Affairs Publications/Informatics Resource Management Science & Society Science Promotion 20 Elected members Representatives of : Asiatic Society Indian Science Congress Association National Academy of Sciences (India) Government of India

Council and General Meetings April, August, October, December Office Executive Secretary Deputy/Assistant Executive Secretaries Other employees Premises: Office rooms Auditorium Halls and meeting rooms Guest rooms Informatics centre Cafeteria Dining Halls

Fellowship Fellows – Indian citizens: 754 Maximum annual intake: 30 until the total number reaches 1000 Foreign Fellows: 90 Maximum limit: 150

Role of Academies Recognition and promotion of excellence Science promotion Publications and informatics Promotion of international efforts and cooperation Interface with society, policy makers

Recognition and Promotion of Excellence Sectional Committees I. Mathematical Sciences II. Physics III. Chemical Sciences IV. Engineering and Technology V. Earth Sciences VI. Plant Sciences VII. Animal Sciences VIII. Medical Sciences IX. Biochemistry and Biophysics X. Agricultural Sciences M. Multidisciplinary Nine members each including a Convener

Recognition and Promotion of Excellence Election of Fellows INSA Medals for Young Scientists (30) Academy Awards International2 General12 Subjectwise44 Three year periodicity

Recognition and Promotion of Excellence Issues, Concerns Primacy for work done in the country Consideration of connections of foreign Fellows with the country General issues of evaluation Assignment to Sectional Committees Age profile Gender balance Representation of Universities Regional and state-wise distribution

Science Promotion Research Professorships Senior Scientist Scheme/Honorary Scientist Scheme Research Support for Young Scientist Medal Awardees Visiting Scientist Programme Support for scientific meetings

Publications and Informatics Proceedings of the Indian National Science Academy Indian Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics Indian Journal of History of Science Special Reports, Monographs Dissemination of Information

History of Science Indian National Commission for History of Science Research projects Collection of information/manuscripts Seminars, symposia, workshop Indian Journal of History of Science

International Programmes Adherence to ICSU-National Committees IAP & IAC, TWAS, TWNSO, FASAS G8+5 Exchange programmes Joint lecture series Centre for Cooperation in Science & Technology among Developing Societies (CCSTDS)

Interface with Society, Policy Makers Outreach programmes, popularisation Meetings and reports and specific issues e.g. Science Career for Indian Women Animal Experimentation Natural Disasters Education Panel Science Policy Study Cell Electronic hub on Science Information Archive

Academy as a Lodestar Role as a guide, initiator and source of inspiration Emphasis on excellence Promotion of values and understanding Freedom from government, business and other interest groups Role as a moral force Promotion of scientific approach and scientific pursuit as a way of life