Measures of Length: Converting Units and the Metric System

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Presentation transcript:

Measures of Length: Converting Units and the Metric System Math in Our World Section 9.1 Measures of Length: Converting Units and the Metric System

Learning Objectives Convert measurements of length in the English system. Convert measurements in the metric system. Convert between English and metric units of length.

English System of Measurement Units of Length in the English System: 12 inches (in.) = 1 foot (ft) 3 feet = 1 yard (yd) 36 inches = 1 yard 5,280 feet = 1 mile (mi) 1,760 yards = 1 mile

Dimensional Analysis A systematic, and reliable, method for converting units is known as dimensional analysis. It is based on one simple idea: if measurements in two different units represent the same length, like 1 yard and 3 feet, then a fraction formed with the two measurements is equal to 1. We call a fraction of this type a unit fraction.

Dimensional Analysis Our procedure for converting units will be to multiply by one or more unit fractions in such a way that the units we don’t want can be divided out, leaving behind the units that we do want.

EXAMPLE 1 Converting Yards to Feet Convert 6 yards to feet. SOLUTION

EXAMPLE 2 Converting Feet to Miles The height of Mount Everest is 29,035 feet. How many miles is that? SOLUTION

EXAMPLE 3 Converting Measurements Using Two Unit Fractions The distance by air from JFK airport to LaGuardia airport in New York is about 11 miles. How many inches is that? SOLUTION

EXAMPLE 4 Converting Units for Speed A decent major league pitcher can throw a baseball 90 miles per hour. How fast is that in feet per second? SOLUTION

Metric System The metric system uses three basic units of measure: the meter, the liter, and the gram. Length in the metric system is measured using meters. The symbol for meter is “m.” The basic unit for capacity in the metric system is the liter. The symbol for liter is “L.” The basic unit for measuring weight in the metric system is the gram. This is a very small unit—a nickel weighs about 5 grams. The symbol for gram is “g.”

Metric Prefixes K H D B D C M

EXAMPLE 5 Converting Metric Units Convert 42.5 kilometers to centimeters. SOLUTION

EXAMPLE 6 Converting Metric Units Convert 1,253.7 milligrams to grams. SOLUTION

English vs. Metric Because most of the world uses the metric system while the United States uses the English system, it is often necessary to convert between the two systems.

EXAMPLE 7 Converting Between English and Metric Lengths Convert each. 135 feet to centimeters 87 centimeters to inches (c) 213.36 millimeters to feet SOLUTION (a)

EXAMPLE 8 Converting Between English and Metric Lengths SOLUTION (b)

EXAMPLE 8 Converting Between English and Metric Lengths SOLUTION (c)