Canadian Fisheries Daniel V. Gordon Department of Economics University of Calgary, Canada FAO Value Chain Workshop University of Tokyo Tokyo, Japan December 2010

Introduction Review of Canadian Fisheries Canada in World fisheries Production Management International Trade Employment and Income 2

Canada in the World Fisheries World Rankings by Volume (000t) % change China17,44017,52517,5720% 2 Peru9,6129,3947,021-25% 3 US4,9954,9614,866-2% 4 Indo4,6534,7044,7691% 5 Chile5,3124,7384,474-6% 6 Japan4,4284,1964,3023% 7 India3,3913,6913,8554% 8 Russia3,0003,2483,3503% 9 Thailand2,8402,8142,776-1% 10 Norway2,6732,5472,401-6% 20 Canada1,1931,1241,074-4% Source: FA0 FishStat PlusCaptureProduction. 3

Worldwide aquaculture production experienced significant growth of 11.5% in terms of volume from 2004 to Canadian aquaculture production increased by 18% between 2004 and

Rank Country Aquaculture Production, (,000 t) % change China41,33443,27545,3015% 2 India2,7992,9673,1285% 3 Indonesia1,4692,1242,2205% 4 Philippine1,7171,8962,09210% 5 Viet Nam1,2291,4671,68815% 6 Thailand1,2601,3041,3866% 7 South Kore9531,0581,27921% 8 Japan1,2611,2541,224-2% 9 Bangladesh % 10 Chile % … 23 Canada % Soursce: FAO FishStat Plus Aquaclture Production dataset. 5

Value of the commercial fisheries, aquaculture and processing in Canada, Industry Production value ($m) % change Marine fisheries 2,316 2,120 1,922 -9% Freshwater fish % Aquaculture % Processing 4,560 4,300 4,197 -2% 6

Production 7

The most significant crustaceans harvested in Canada are shrimp, snow crab and lobster. Together, these species represented about 64% of the total landed value for marine species in Canada between 2004 and

Volume of Landings (000t) and Value ($ million) Volume Value Salmon Ground Fish Pelagic Crustaceans360 1, ,165 DFO 9

Management A number of management techniques are used in Canadian Fisheries; TAC limits set for each fishery Competitive, Trap Limits, and IQ And Enterprise allocations 10

Management IQ fisheries accounted for over 50% of total landed values About 21 out of 27 key commercial fisheries in the four Atlantic DFO regions are managed at least partially under IQ or ITQ The important exception is the inshore lobster fishery. 11

International Trade The US is Canada’s main trading partner in fish products In 2009 almost 63% of fish exports worth about 2 billion dollars went to the US Japan and China are second and third with 7.9 and 6.8% of total fish exports 12

Employment by industry, Canada, Industry Employment estimates (number of persons) % change Fisheries 53,783 52,822 51,462 -3% Aqua 3,985 3,920 3,970 1% Process 32,204 29,342 28,587 -3% Total 89,972 86,084 84,019 -2% 13

Income Fishing Income for small vessel owners has fallen in Canada 2007 $20, ,940 Or a fall of about -13.7% Aquaculture is a bright spot with average income at about $34,800 14