Turkey after the Genocide and the Trials that Never Occurred.

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Presentation transcript:

Turkey after the Genocide and the Trials that Never Occurred

Sultan out 1907 Young Turks in 1908 WWI Germany, Austria and the Ottoman Empire vs. Russia, Britain, French and the US WWI Ends November 1918 Treaty of Versailles and the League of Nations created The Genocide 1915 NY Times Articles Henry Morgenthau the US Ambassador Baron Von Wangenheim the German Ambassador Red Cross The Evidence and Witnesses Bryce Toynbee Report

Possible Bystanders 1.New York Times 2.Henry Morgenthau US Ambassador in Ottoman Empire. 3. British and the Bryce Toynbee Report. Viscount James Bryce British Parliament and Arnold Toynbee a historian collect reports. 4. Baron Von Wangenheim the German Ambassador 5. Red Cross

Henry Morgenthau US Ambassador in Ottoman Empire. To the right you see excerpts from my cables sent to Washington during WWI. Why the US did not enter? 1.US trying to stay out of WWI 2.Ambassadors are guests and should have respect for their host nation. 3.What a sovereign state does in its own borders is their business.

Bryce Toynbee Report Lines

Baron Von Wangenheim the German Ambassador "The measures of repression by the Imperial Government [Young Turks] against the Armenian population of the eastern Anatolian provinces having been dictated by military considerations and constituting a legitimate means of defense, the German Government is far from opposing their execution inasmuch as these measures have objective of consolidating the internal security of Turkey and avoiding attempts at insurrections."

Red Cross By 1896, the Red Cross worked in the Ottoman Empire to provide aid for Armenians lead by Clara Barton. However, Turkish government had informed the State Department at Washington that the Red Cross would not be permitted to send surgeons and nurses to the aid of the Armenian people. Organization donated $ for relief works in the Near East. Later this amount rose up to $ American Red Cross personnel kidnapped Armenian children were restored to their parents and women in Muslim harems were freed. Problem: No Red Cross Army

Young Turks Talaat Pasha: Minister of Interior responsible for interior issues like deportation Enver Pasha: Minister of War responsible for military operations Djemal Pasha: Minister of Navy How should the Young Turks be punished after WWI?

What about the ottoman Empire? Treaty of Sevres establishes a new Armenian state Enter Mustafa Kemal (Ataturk) who led the Turkish Independence War

Turkish Nationalist vs. The Occupying Allies Turks fight against Allies and set up a new government in Ankara (capital of Turkey) In control of the new government Turkey invades the new Armenian state Armenian has to reject Treaty of Sevres and give up land to Turkey. Meanwhile…

Allies demand the new government set up trials for the Young Turks The Trials 1.Run by Turkey 2.Young Turks flee 3.Talat in Germany, Enver dies in war and Djemal was assassinated

Current Articles 4 in a group Main point of each

Essay Outline Comparing Holocaust to Armenian Genocide Punishment Denial/End Bystanders

Quiz Crimes against humanity, war crimes, massacres, genocide and ethnic cleansing Bystanders and global community during What was done to address the issue of mass killings after WWI? Compare the end of the Holocaust to the end of the Armenian Genocide using one example that focuses on holding perpetrators accountable for their actions.