Data items related to Irrigation in WCA 2010 Roundtable Meeting on Programme for the 2010 Round of Censuses of Agriculture Budapest, Hungary, November, 2009 Doc. No.: FAO/TD/PPT10-EN Mukesh K. Srivastava, Team Leader Agricultural Census and Surveys Group FAO Statistics Division, Rome

2 What is irrigation? – Irrigation refers to purposely providing land with water, other than rain, for improving productivity – Irrigation usually implies the existence of infrastructure and equipment for applying water to crops, such as irrigation canals, pumps, sprinklers or localized watering systems. – It t also includes manual watering of plants using buckets, watering cans or other devices. – Uncontrolled land flooding by overflowing of rivers or streams is not considered irrigation. – Irrigation includes any process under which water is moved from a water source to apply to an agricultural crop.

3 Availability of irrigation data at International Level from Agricultural Censuses Table Holdings reporting irrigation and area irrigated (ha) Countries by continent Census Year Total number of holdings Total area of holdings Irrigation Number of reporting countries is given in parenthesis Holdings reporting irrigation Holdings reporting irrigation (percentage) Holding area receive irrigation WORLD TOTAL (14) Egypt Tanzania Guadeloupe United States Martinique Virgin Isl. (US) India Myanmar Nepal Philippines Saudi Arabia K. of Turkey Malta Guam Northern Mariana Isl

4 Theme 02: Irrigation and water management (Reference groups: Items 0201–0205 – holdings with irrigation in Item 0010; Item 0206 – holdings with temporary crops or permanent crops in Items 0011 and 0012; Item 0207 – holdings with land in Item 0008). For the holding 0201+Area of land irrigated according to land use type (see paragraphs 11.73– 11.75) Area irrigated according to method of irrigation (see paragraphs 11.76– 11.79) Area irrigated for each crop type (see paragraphs 11.80–11.81) Sources of irrigation water (see paragraphs 11.82–11.83) Payment terms for irrigation water (see paragraph 11.84) Other types of water management practices (see paragraphs 11.85– 11.88). 0207Presence of drainage equipment (see paragraphs 11.89–11.90).

5 Source of Irrigation: River/lake/pond (by gravity) River/lake/pond (pumping) Dam/reservoir Deepwell/tubewell Shallow well Municipal water supply Treated waste water Desalinated water Other

6 Method of Irrigation – Surface irrigation refers to a system for partially or completely covering land with water for the purpose of irrigation. There are various types including furrow, border- strip and basin irrigation. Basin irrigation includes submersion irrigation for rice. – Sprinkler irrigation refers to pipe networks through which water moves under pressure before being delivered to the crop via sprinkler nozzles. The system basically simulates rainfall in that water is applied through overhead spraying. Sprinkler irrigation systems are sometimes known as overhead irrigation systems. – Localized irrigation is a system where the water is distributed under low pressure through a piped network, in a pre-determined pattern, and applied as a small discharge to each plant. There are several types: drip irrigation (where drip emitters apply water slowly to the soil surface), spray or micro-sprinkler irrigation (where water is sprayed to the soil near individual plants or trees), and bubbler irrigation (where a small stream is applied to flood small basins or the soil adjacent to individual trees). Other terms commonly used to refer to localized irrigation are micro-irrigation, trickle irrigation, daily flow irrigation, drop-irrigation, sip irrigation, and diurnal irrigation.

7 PAYMENT TERMS FOR IRRIGATION WATER Did not pay for water Paid for water Fee per area Fee per volume Other

8 OTHER TYPES OF WATER MANAGEMENT PRACTICES Wetland and inland valley bottoms are lowland areas subject to seasonal flooding, that are used for cropping when covered with water. Water control structures, such as canals, may be constructed to help in the crop cultivation. Flood recession cultivation refers to areas along the edge of rivers or other water bodies where cultivation occurs, making use of water from receding floods Spate irrigation is a method of random irrigation using the floodwaters of a normally dry water course or riverbed (wadi). Spate irrigation is also referred to as floodwater harvesting Other

9 Thank You!