PC Support & Repair Chapter 3 Computer Assembly

Objectives After completing this chapter, you will meet these objectives: ▫ Open the case. ▫ Install the power supply. ▫ Attach the components to the motherboard and install the motherboard. ▫ Install internal drives. ▫ Install drives in external bays. ▫ Install adapter cards. ▫ Connect all internal cables. ▫ Re-attach the side panels and connect external cables to the computer. ▫ Boot the computer for the first time.

Open the Case Size & shape is the ? ▫ Form factor Prep your work area ▫ Lighting, antistatic mats, container for screws, clutter-free Each case opens differently

Install the Power Supply Fits one way Screws attach it to case VIRTUAL DESKTOP: ▫ POWER SUPPLY

Install CPU & Fan Put in before mobo goes in case ▫ Put on mat & wear strap DO NOT touch CPU contacts Notice where Pin 1 is

Install CPU & Fan Apply thermal compound ▫ Helps conduct heat away from CPU ▫ Small amount If using an old CPU ▫ Clean off old compound ▫ Isopropyl alcohol ONLY & lint-free cloth

Heat Sink & Fan Heat sink draws heat away from CPU ▫ Fan draws heat away from heat sink Has a 3-pin power connector for fan Visit site…

Install CPU, Heat Sink, and Fan

Install RAM Make sure it’s compatible! RAM ▫ Temp data storage ▫ Volatile ▫ More= better performance Align notches Press until side tabs click

Install Motherboard Standoffs/spacers prevent mobo from touching case Align I/O with case Align screw holes Tighten screws

Install the Motherboard

Projects Computer Assembly Lab ▫ Install Motherboard, CPU, Heat sink/Fan, RAM Virtual Desktop: Motherboard

Install Internal Hard Drive Internal Bays ▫ 3.5” HDD ▫ Hard disk drive Screw drive into bay

Install Optical Drive 5.25” Drive Bay ▫ Accessible outside case Optical CD/DVD ▫ Molex power connector ▫ PATA (IDE/EIDE) data cable Screw into bay

Install Floppy Drive 3.5” Drive Bay ▫ Accessible outside case Floppy Drive (FDD) ▫ Berg power connector ▫ FDD data cable Screw into bay

Lab Virtual Desktop: Internal Drives Virtual Desktop: Drives in External Bays Computer Assembly Lab 5: Install Drives

Install Adapter Cards PCI PCIe AGP NIC Wireless NIC Video Card

Lab Virtual Desktop: Adapter Cards Install Adapter Cards

Connect the Power Cables Data & Power ▫ Mobo power & AUX ▫ SATA power (15-pin) ▫ Molex power ▫ Berg power ▫ Fan (3-pin)

Connect the Data Cables PATA ▫ Ribbon ▫ 40 or 80-pin ▫ Stripe Pin 1  Closer to power

Connect the Data Cables SATA ▫ 7-pin

Connect the Data Cables Floppy ▫ 34-pin ▫ Stripe for pin 1 ▫ Put in backwards  Drive activity light flash

Review- Q Your motherboard has 2 PATA connectors. How many hard drives could be connected to this mobo? ▫4▫4 Your motherboard has 1 Floppy connector. How many floppy drives can be connected? ▫2▫2 A SATA data cable has how many pins? ▫7▫7 What happens if the twist on a floppy cable is closer to the motherboard? ▫ Drive activity light stays on or flashes

Lab Virtual Desktop: Internal Cables Lab 7 & 8: Install Internal Power and Data Cables

Connect Front Panel Cables Power button & LED lights ▫ Look in manual to see what you have Power button ▫ Hold for 5 seconds to power down Power & drive activity LEDs ▫ + is Pin 1 System speaker USB ports Front audio ports

Finishing Up Reattach Case with screws Connect external cables ▫ Monitor ▫ Keyboard ▫ Mouse ▫ USB ▫ Ethernet ▫ Power (LAST)

Booting Up 1 st Time BIOS does a check of internal components ▫ POST  All hardware works  Beeps indicate info  Codes differ!  GOOD= 1 usually  BAD= blank screen & multiple beeps

BIOS BIOS data saved to CMOS chip ▫ Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor ▫ Older Mobo- ROM is powered by battery  Battery dies= lost BIOS data To enter/change BIOS settings… ▫ Press key during POST/Splash screen ▫ DEL or F12, depends on PC

BIOS Main – System time, date, HDD type, etc. Advanced – Infrared port settings, parallel port settings, etc. Security – Password settings to setup utility Others – Low battery alarm, system beep, etc. Boot – Boot order of the computer Exit – Setup utility exit

Info in BIOS CPU ▫ Brand, Speed, How Many RAM ▫ Brand, Speed, Slots, Installed Slots HD ▫ Brand, Size, Type, # of Controllers Optical Drive ▫ Brand, Type

Customize BIOS Time & Date Disabling Devices ▫ Disable on-board video if using a vide card Boot Order Clock Speed ▫ Reduce for cooler op ▫ Increase= faster but hotter (KEEP COOL)

Customize BIOS Security BIOS Password ▫ Supervisor ▫ User (Full, Limited, View, None) Drive Encryption ▫ Wrong password, no boot or read data TPM ▫ Encryption keys Lojack ▫ Read & report

BIOS PC Health Temperature Fan Speeds Clock & Bus Speeds Intrusion Detection ▫ If case has a switch Diagnostics

Project Boot the Computer/ BIOS Lab

Upgrading & Installing More Why install more drives? After installing new hardware, install drivers ▫ A signed driver is one that passed the Windows hardware quality lab test. ▫ Installing an unsigned driver can cause system instability, error messages, and boot problems. ▫ During installation, if an unsigned driver is detected, you are asked whether you want to stop or continue the installation. Only install unsigned drivers if you trust the source of the drivers.

Project Lab Upgrade Hardware

Review

Summary Computer cases come in a variety of sizes and configurations. Many of the computer components must match the form factor of the case. The CPU is installed on the motherboard with a heat sink and fan assembly. RAM is installed in RAM slots on the motherboard. Adapter cards are installed in PCI and PCIe expansion slots on the motherboard. Hard disk drives are installed in 3.5 in. (8.9 cm.) drive bays located inside the case. Optical drives are installed in 5.25 in. (13.34 cm.) drive bays that can be accessed from outside the case. Floppy drives are installed in 3.5 in. (8.9 cm.) drive bays that can be accessed from outside the case.

Summary Power supply cables are connected to all drives and the motherboard. Internal data cables transfer data to all drives. External cables connect peripheral devices to the computer. Beep codes signify when hardware malfunctions. The BIOS setup program displays information about the computer components and allows the user to change system settings. Computer components require periodic upgrades and replacement parts. Additional hard drives can provide fault tolerance and the ability to install additional operating systems.

PC Support & Repair Chapter 3 Computer Assembly