Spring and Fall Preemergence Weed Control Options for Turf Dr. Tim R. Murphy Extension Weed Specialist University of Georgia Griffin.

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Presentation transcript:

Spring and Fall Preemergence Weed Control Options for Turf Dr. Tim R. Murphy Extension Weed Specialist University of Georgia Griffin

Preemergence Options

Repeat Applications - Summer Space 8 to 10 wks apart Apply 1/2 X fb 1/2X May improve control of crabgrass and goosegrass

Goosegrass Summer annual Germinates - soil temp. 4 inch depth averages 60 to 65 F. Usually germinates 2 to 6 weeks later than crabgrass Light required

Crabgrass spp. Summer annual At least 5 species in GA (tropical, smooth, large, southern, blanket) Germinates at soil temps to 58 F., 4 inch depth Light required

Annual bluegrass Winter annual Germinates late summer-fall at soil temperatures around 70 F. Second germination flush in mid- to late-winter

Continuous annual bluegrass seed germination occurred from mid-Nov. through early January in Knoxville, TN. Callahan and McDonald, 1992

Preemergence Herbicides Need rainfall or irrigation (1/2 inch) Do not control emerged weeds Granular or sprayable Most available on dry fertilizer carriers

Guidelines - Preemergence Labeled products only Established turfgrass Apply before weed emergence Need rainfall or irrigation within 5 days Consider split applications Delay mowing until after incorporation Know future plans

Fertilizer/Preemergence Products Correct fertilizer analysis?? Time of year?? N-release characteristics?? Supplemental fertilizer applications?? Supplemental herbicide applications??

Fertilizer/Preemergence Products - Other Considerations Uniform coverage required Uniform particle size is important Release characteristics of fertilizer product Control equivalent to sprayable and granular products

Preemergence Herbicides - Formulation Effects Yelverton, et al., 1996

Preemergence Herbicides - Formulation Effects Johnson and Murphy, 1991

Preemergence Herbicides- Formulation Effects Johnson and Murphy, 1991

Weed Life Cycles Summer annuals - < 1 yr. Winter annuals - <1 yr. Biennials - 2 yr. Perennials - > 2 yr.

Weeds can be a problem in all 12 months.

What is the best preemergence herbicide for turfgrasses??

It depends……….

Preemergence Herbicide Selection Turfgrass species Weed species Immature vs. established Time of year Irrigation capabilities Renovation plans

Preemergence Herbicide Selection Granular or spray equipment Desired control level Application frequency Ornamental tolerance Cost??

Suggested Application Dates North Georgia –Spring, March –Fall, August 20 - Sept. 15 South Georgia –Spring, Feb March 1 –Fall, Sept Oct. 15 Early is always better than late!

Lack of Preemergence Herbicide Performance No rainfall or irrigation Excessive rainfall shortly after application High rainfall year Poor site drainage Drought Rate too low Mow/Bag before incorporation